1. Muscle System

2. Root Words

3. 3 Kinds of Muscle Skeletal Smooth (stomach, intestine) Cardiac

4. Skeletal Composed of fibers and filaments that contract and relaxed when stimulated

5. Motor Neurons Neurons that controls the contraction of skeletal muscles

6. Synapse The connection point where the neuron communicates with the tissue

8. Acetylcholine The neurotransmitter that stimulates contraction. Synthesized in the cytoplasm of motor neuron

9. Composition Myofibrils- Muscle threads that lie parallel to one another (2 kinds of myofilaments) Myosin- Thick protein filament Actin- Thin protein filament

13. Cross Bridge Little hands that extend from Myosin to “grab” the actin. This causes the contraction

14. Sliding Filament Model Thick and thin filaments (myosin and actin) do not change length. Rather, they slide past one another

18. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Specialized cell that regulates the calcium ion concentration in the cytoplasm of muscle cells

20. Calcium Muscle contraction 1. Action Potential runs through neurons 2. Sends message through Transverse Tubules (T-tubes) 3. Release Calcium ions through Sarcoplasmic Reticulum 4. Calcium release ions for ATP contraction

22. Sliding filament theory ATP binds to a myosin head, which is released from an actin filament The myosin head attaches to an actin binding site with the help of Calcium

23. Sacromere The striations formed with the repeating pattern of Myosin and Actin

24. Sacromere During contraction, the filaments do not get shorter, but the Sacromere will shorten

25. Creatine Phosphate