1. Portfolio Assignment Overview ENG 113: Composition I

2. Portfolio Assignment The portfolio will include: ◦ A reflective introduction for each revised paper that describes the changes you made (or chose not to make) and why ◦ Revised versions of each of the major papers including substantial changes (in bold type) to content and organization based on peer review feedback and my comments  Argument (Rhetorical) Analysis  Hostile Audience  Research Paper ◦ The original drafts of each of the major papers with the feedback worksheets attached

3. Revising Your Writing Even if you received full credit for your drafts, you must substantially revise your papers ◦ Full credit on the draft meant you met the requirements of that assignment ◦ The portfolio is a new assignment with new requirements including major changes based on the peer review feedback and my comments  Adding missing components  Eliminating unnecessary elements  Fixing unclear areas  Reorganizing for better flow  And more… ◦ Please note: fixing spelling, grammar, and other mechanical errors do not count as “revisions” since the original draft should not have included errors in the first place!  Be sure to proofread! ◦ Revisions should be in bold type

4. Revising Your Writing Please note: ◦ Properly citing material borrowed from sources with MLA style in-text citations and a complete and correct Works Cited page is mandatory ◦ If you include outside sources in your essays, you must cite them. If citations were missing in the draft, you must add them to the final version. ◦ If material from outside sources is included in the final version and the citations and/or Works Cited are missing or incomplete, You will receive zero points for that essay.

5. Reflective Introduction For each revised paper, you are required to write a reflective introduction in which you: ◦ Describe the changes that you made (or didn’t make) to the paper based on the feedback you received ◦ Explain why you chose to make the changes you did make ◦ Defend why you chose not to make the changes you did not make The minimum length for each reflective introduction is one fully developed paragraph per paper

6. Assembling the Portfolio You should assemble the materials for your portfolio in pocket folder in the following order: 1.Reflective Introduction for the Argument (Rhetorical Analysis) (minimum one paragraph) 2.Revised Rhetorical Analysis Paper (with revisions in bold type) 3.Draft Rhetorical Analysis Paper (with feedback worksheets) 4.Reflective Introduction for the Hostile Audience Paper (minimum one paragraph) 5.Revised Hostile Audience Paper (with revisions in bold type) 6.Draft Hostile Audience Paper (with feedback worksheets) 7.Reflective Introduction for the Research Paper (minimum one paragraph) 8.Revised Research Paper (with revisions in bold type) 9.Draft Research Paper (with feedback worksheets)

7. Portfolio Points The portfolio is worth 100 points (30 points per revised essay and 10 points for the reflective introductions) ◦ Remember: revisions must be in bold type Remember: The in text citations and Works Cited page must be complete and correct for each essay that includes material from outside sources. If the citations are missing or incomplete, you will receive zero points for that essay.

8. Revisions Revision must reflect major changes in the papers ◦ Fixing spelling, grammar, and other errors do not count as revisions  They should have been eliminated from the draft in the first place! ◦ Complete and correct in-text citations and Works Cited page are mandatory.  They do not count as revisions since they should have been included in the polished draft! Major revisions might include: ◦ Adding information that was missing ◦ Eliminating unnecessary information ◦ Reorganizing the paper with the addition of clearer transitions ◦ Rewording sentences and paragraphs so that they are clearer and more concise ◦ Integrating information from sources with a signal phrase and explanation of the significance of the quotation ◦ Rewriting the introduction and/or conclusion Revisions must be in bold type

9. Why Revise? Writing is a recursive process—there is always the opportunity to go back and improve what you have written Revising allows you to: ◦ Improve the clarity of your ideas ◦ Fix the flow of your paper by improving its organization ◦ Eliminate any other problems with the content of your paper

10. Re-Vision Revision means that you: ◦ Look over your paragraphs with a fresh eye ◦ Identify and fix any problems with content, clarity, or organization ◦ Identify and fix any problems with grammar, mechanics (spelling, punctuation, formatting), and word choice Do not rush or skip your revision! ◦ By taking your time to carefully revise your writing, you will improve your writing (and, most likely, get a better grade)

11. Editing is Essential Editing allows you to: ◦ Locate awkward sentences and other problems ◦ Fix wrong word choices and other mistakes ◦ Identify spelling, grammar, and other errors ◦ Get a better grade! Essential editing skills: ◦ Looking ◦ Listening ◦ Rewriting By editing, you assure: ◦ Your sentences communicate your intended meaning ◦ The reader understands what you mean immediately Editing is all about making sure that nothing interferes with the meaning of your writing coming through!

12. What is Editing? Editing is an intense effort to find and solve whatever problems remain in a piece of writing after revision During editing, you pay attention to the small details that you may have missed earlier in the process

13. What is Editing? Editing includes: ◦ Checking for flow and focus within individual paragraphs ◦ Checking for flow and focus from one paragraph to the next ◦ Reworking awkward, wordy, or unclear sentences ◦ Correcting errors of grammar, spelling, or punctuation ◦ Attending to formalities, such a parenthetical notation and Works Cited pages

14. Why Edit? Some people may feel that editing does not matter – after all, it is content that counts. However, content cannot be separated from the way it is expressed A poorly edited paper: ◦ Irritates or distracts the reader ◦ Your meaning may get lost  Sentences may not communicate the way you intend  Readers may struggle to understand your points  Your paragraphs may wander ◦ May give the wrong impression of you as a writer  The writer lacks skill or discipline to attend to details  The writer does not care about the topic Editing allows you to communicate better with your reader ◦ Clear communication may lead to better grades in college and better results in the “real world.”

15. When Should You Edit? Begin the editing process once you have a draft that you consider “final” or the best that you can write Why? ◦ Editing requires undivided attention  Some writers try to edit as they write – this is not recommended  Takes time away from composing  You may waste time editing content you later delete  Revise first, then edit  Revision deals with large-scale changes in a draft  Achieve your purpose  Meet the requirements of an assignment  Develop your points more adequately  Connect with readers more consistently  Improve your organization ◦ Editing too soon is not efficient  If you edit a paragraph and then delete it during revision, you have wasted time and effort  Even worse, you may grow too attached to a sentence or paragraph after spending time editing it and then keep it even though it should be deleted  Editing too soon may get in the way of revising and rewriting to fix major problems ◦ Compulsive editing can lead to writer’s paralysis, or being so critical of everything you write that you can hardly write at all. When you are writing, just let your thoughts and words flow. Save editing for later.

16. How Do Writers Edit? When you read, you look through the sentences to what is being said. When you edit, you look at the sentences and paragraphs to see how things are being said ◦ Linger over each sentence and paragraph  Carefully look and listen for signs of problems  Read your draft out loud  Your ear will catch what your eyes may miss  Mark anything that bothers you, then go back an rework the sentence or paragraph until it does not bother you The important thing is to slow down and pay attention to your writing

17. How Do Writers Edit? To edit your work effectively, you should take time to read over your draft and fix problems. This means you need to factor in editing time before the due date Tips ◦ Approach the paper with fresh eyes.  Take time away from the paper before editing it.  You will be fresher and more detached from your writing ◦ Avoid trying to do all the editing at one time.  Try fifteen to twenty-minute sessions with breaks in between.  Otherwise, you might find it difficult to keep the high level of concentration necessary for editing properly ◦ Exchange papers with another student and edit each other’s drafts.  This will help you find problems that you missed during self-editing

18. Proofreading Proofreading means to look at the final version of the paper to find the “small,” but important errors In proofreading, you move sentence by sentence through your paper looking for errors like misspelled words, typos, and word choice problems ◦ Look because most errors of this type have to be seen, not heard, detected by the eye and not the ear ◦ Mark the errors and then go back and correct each one

19. Proofreading Examples ◦ Confusing its (possessive form of it) and it’s (conjunction of it is) ◦ Confusing there, their, they’re ◦ Confusing to, too, two ◦ Misspelled words ◦ Typos ◦ Omitting a word you meant to include, or typing a word or phrase twice ◦ Not putting titles in quotation marks or italics

20. Proofreading Proofreading will catch misspellings, typos, word choice errors, and other problems missed during spiraling down ◦ Also, as you fixed errors during editing, you may have made new mistakes in the sentences you rewrote Proofreading is an essential, last focus of editing Do not skip or skimp on your proofreading ◦ These types of errors are easily spotted by readers assessing your writing ◦ Spell checkers and grammar checkers are not reliable  Use the programs, but recognize that they may miss many mistakes or may identify something as an error that is actually not wrong

21. Proofreading Errors you miss will be marked by your professors ◦ You will be able to see errors that you make frequently  They indicate that you do not recognize the error as an error or do not understand how to correct it in all cases ◦ Once you have identified errors that you make frequently, make a note of it  Create an editing checklist of the errors that you make frequently  Include a description of the error, what you typically do wrong, and how to correct it  You might include an example or two  Consult the editing checklist each time you edit a paper

22. Next Steps One on One Conferences ◦ Sign up sheet Complete major revisions (in bold type) Hand in portfolio (in pocket folder) ◦ Due in class on December 11