1. K . J . INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (064)
SAVLI ,DIST.VADODARA
(K.J.I.T.)
Subject Name :- Material Science & Metallurgy
Subject Code :
Branch & Semester :- Mechanical-B (3rd Semester)
Enrollment No :
Name:-
SAIYED MOHAMMADAMIL AKHTARHUSEN
PATEL JIGAR NAVINBHAI
PATEL RUSHI DILIPBHAI
Faculty:-
SUMETH DAYAL SIR & RONAK SIR

2. Steel
Types
Properties
Applications

3. Steel Steel is not a specific product or metal.
It is essentially an alloy of iron & carbon in which carbon content varies from 0.008% to2%.
It is thus a ferrous alloy which can be studied primarily by referring to iron-iron carbide diagram.
The amount of carbon in steel has a remarkable effect on the properties.
There are many different steels extensively used in industries.

4. Types of Steels
On the basis of composition ,steels may be broadly classified as:
1.Plain carbon steels
2.Alloy steels

5. 1.Plain carbon steels
The primary constituents of plain carbon steel are iron & carbon.
These steels are relatively low cost steels.
They are not deep hardenable.
Poor corrosion resistance.
Poor impact strength at low
temperature.

6. Classification of plain carbon steels:
1.Low carbon steels.
2.Medium carbon steels.
3.High carbon steels.

7. 1.Low carbon steels: Low carbon steels contain less than 0.3%carbon.
They are also called Mild steels.
Properties:
They possess good formability and excellent weldability.
Application:
Their application include nails, rivet, nuts, bolts, ship-plates, wheel hubs, cams, shafts, pipelines.etc

8. 2.Medium carbon steels:
Medium carbon steels contains 0.3% to 0.6% carbon.
Properties:
It should be noted that strength of these steels can be improved only at the cost of ductility & toughness.
Applications:
Some typical applications of medium carbon steel include gears, axels,levers,cams,bolts,sockets,cylinder liners,hand tools.etc

9. 3.High carbon steels:
High carbon steels contain carbon from 0.6% to 2%.
Properties:
They are the hardest & the strongest amongst plain carbon steels but least ductile.
They have good wear resistance.
Applications:
The typical applications of High carbon steels include lock washers,valve springs,cutting tools,dies,hammers,tapes,milling cutters.

10. 2.ALLOY STEELS:
The elements added are called alloying elements& the steels thus produced are called alloy steels.
Properties:
Better resistance to wear & abration.
Higher hardenability&impact strength.
High resistance to grain growth.
Applications:
They are used for manufacturing
components subjected to static &
dynamic loads.

11. Classification of Alloy steels:
1.Low alloy steels:
up to 5% alloying elements.
2.Medium alloy steels:
Between 5% to 10% alloying elements.
3.High alloy steels:
More than 10% alloying elements.

12. Alloy Steels Special application: 1.Structural steels:
They are used for structural members in bridges,buildings,rail road,cars,etc.
2.Free cutting steels:
High Machinability and high qulity surface finish.
These steels are used where free machining is the primary requirement.

13. 3.Stainless steels:
They have excellent corrosion& oxidation resistance. They are high alloy steels. 4.High speed steels:
These steels are most suitable for manufacturing of cutting tools which can be operated at high speeds.

14. 5.Spring steels:
They are used either in cold rolled condition or after heat treatment.
6.High sterength low alloy steels: These are widely used in construction of ships,bridges,automobiles body,etc.
7.Bearing steels:
These steels are used for spindles,cold forming rolls&hardened machine parts.

15. 8.Creep resisting steels:
These steels are used in thermal power plants,pressure vessels,super heater tubes,etc.
9.Heat resisting steels:
Important application includes heating coils in ovens &furnaces,jet engines.
10.Maraging steels:
They are used for low carbon steels.

16. 11.Hadfield manganese steel:
They are used in excavating and crushing machinery,as rail road crossing,etc.
12.weldable steels:
High strength weldable steels require high resistance.these are obtained by addition of copper & vanadiam.
13.Rail steels:
Good combination of strength & ductility along with high impact.

17. 14.Concrete reinforcing steel:
High tensile strength & high yeild point.
15.Silicone steel:
0.10%c,0.60%Mn,1%si.
16.Nickel steel:
It contain 0.35%c&3.5%Ni.
17.Chrome Nickel steel:
It contain 0.35%C,1.25%Ni,0.60%Cr.
18.Molybdenum steel:
It contain 0.35%C,&0.76%M.

18. Silicone steel
Molybdenum steel

19. 19.Chrome steel:
It contains 0.36%C,0.57%Cr.
20.Manganese steel:
It contains %Manganese, %carbon, %silicon,and 0.040% sulphur and phosphorous.

20. TOOL STEEL Properties: Slight change of form during hardening.
Good toughness.
Good wear resistance.
Very good machinability.
Application:
Inexpensive taps,
drills,reamers,chasers.

21. Classification of tool steels :
1.W-High speed steel.
(0.7%c,4%Cr,1%V,)
2.Mo-High speed steel.
(0.8%C,4%Cr,1%V,1%w)
3.HighC,high Cr steel.
(1.5%C,12%Cr,1%Mo)
4.Air hardening steel.
(1%C,5%Cr,1%Mo)

22. 5.Oil hardening steel.
(0.5%C,5%Cr,1.5%Ni,1%V)
6.Water hardening steel.
( %C,0.25%V)
7.Hot work steel.
(0.4%C,3.25%Cr,0.4%V,0.25%Mo)
8.Shock resistance steel.
(0.5%C,1.5%Cr,2.5%w).

23. Video: Alloy steel flat bars

24. Video: Classification of Plain carbon steels

25. Video Reference Links

26. Thank you