1. Q: What evidence shows how different species are related? Habits of mind for today: At the end of class, check the boxes that apply to your work today  comparing our logic and ideas  listening to understand  Explaining my reasoning  asking genuine questions

2. NovaLabs – Evidence for Evolution Pine Tree Mushroom Horse monkey Alligator Eagle T-Rex How do we organize biodiversity that exist on earth? How do we make connections between species that exist now and those that have gone extinct?

3. Q: What evidence shows how different species are related? Google: Nova evolution lab Create an account or you will have to start over Monday Select play game Start with mission #1 they are designed to go in order Habits of mind: Compare our logic and ideas Explain my reasoning Asking genuine questions

4. 16.3 Darwin Presents His Case Focus Questions: What mechanisms (factors) drive the process of evolution by natural selection? What is artificial selection? Habits of mind: Ask Genuine questions Listening to understand Private reasoning time

5. Natural Variation: Differences in individual members of a species Q:Why is this important, Doesn’t it seem obvious that we are different? Because in Darwin’s day this was a revolutionary, even though people were using this concept on a regular bases Artificial Selection: Breeding members of a species that expressed desirable traits Ex. Choosing to breed the cow that produced the most milk or the seeds from the plant that produced the largest fruit

6. Q : What causes evolution by natural selection? Struggle For Existence Survival of the fittest Descent with Modification

7. Struggle for Existence Members of each species compete regularly to obtain food, living space, and other necessities of life

8. Survival of the Fittest Fitness – the ability to survive and reproduce Adaptations – inherited characteristics that increase an organisms fitness These adaptations can be physical or behavioral ex. Cheetahs Survival of the fittest = Natural Selection

9. Descent with Modification Each species has descended, with changes, from other species over time – Over time natural selection a.Produces organisms with different structures b.Establish different niches c.Occupy different habitats

10. What’s happening now? We focus so much on organisms that are not successful and are dying out. But what about the organisms that are thriving in our environment?

11. Fossil Record Darwin proposed that earth was hundreds of millions of years old Fossils showed gradual change over time Fossils in different layers of rock could show how a species changed over time

12. Homologous Body Structures All are different in form and function All are developed from the same basic embryonic tissue Q: what is the explanation for these similarities? A: Each limb adapted in ways that enabled organisms to survive in different environments

13. Vestigial Structures Body structure that exist but are not used/have no apparent function – Ex. Pelvis of a whale

14. Similarities in early development Early stages of embryonic development in animals with backbones is so similar you can hardly tell them apart

15. Similarities in DNA