1. JURGEN HABERMAS Subject: Philosophical Language Group 5: 1. Louie Q. Ybanez 2. Chuntic 3. Do Duy Trinh- year: Associate

2. JURGEN HABERMAS Now our group will present to all of you about Jürgen Habermas. Thus to know that who is Jürgen Habermas? I am sure that somewhat each of us also understands who is Habermas? We know that maybe, Habermas is currently ranked as one of the most influential philosophers in the world.

3. JURGEN HABERMAS He is not only a German philosopher, but also he is a German Sociologist. He has left many worthy of books, especially in the field of philosophy. Therefore, in order to know him clearly, we talk some main points about his life, education and works in the field of philosophy.

4. THE LIFE AND FAMILY OF JURGEN HABERMAS Jürgen Habermas was born on June 18, 1929, at Düsseldorf, in North Rhine Province, Germany. He grew up in the middle class and rather traditional family.

5. HABERMAS’ FAMILY Jürgen Habermas was born on June 18, 1929, at Düsseldorf, in North Rhine Province, Germany. He grew up in the middle class and rather traditional family.

6. The Education and the Career of Jürgen Habermas His father was Ernst Habermas and his mother was Grete Habermas. His father not only was a pastor & director of local seminary, but also he was a head of Bureau of Industry and Trade.

7. The Politic in Habermas’ teenager When he was 15, Germany lost the war to the Allies in 1945. He had served in the Hitler Youth and had been sent to defend the western front during the final months of the war.

8. The Politic in Habermas’ teenager He came of age in postwar Germany. In his early teens, during World War II, Habermas was profoundly affected by the war. The Nuremberg Trials were a key formative moment that brought home to him the depth of Germany's moral and political failure under National Socialism.

9. The Education of Jürgen Habermas Until his graduation from high school, Habermas lived in Gummersbach, near Cologne. He was brought up in a staunchly Protestant milieu, his grandfather being the director of the seminary in Gummersbach. Habermas studied at the universities of Göttingen from 1949 to 1950, Zürich from 1950 to 1951, and in Bonn from 1951 to 1954.

10. The Education of Jürgen Habermas In 1954, he earned a doctorate in philosophy from Bonn with a dissertation written on the conflict between the absolute and history in Schelling's thought, entitled "The Absolute and History.

11. The Education of Jürgen Habermas In 1956, he studied philosophy and sociology under the critical theorists Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt and Main Institute for Social Research.

12. In 1954, he earned a doctorate in philosophy from Bonn with a dissertation written on the conflict between the absolute Absolute and History. The Education of Jürgen Habermas

13. In 1956, he studied philosophy and sociology under the critical theorists Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt and Main Institute for Social Research.

14. The the Career of Jürgen Habermas In 1961, he became a private professor in Marburg, and in a move that was highly unusual for the German academic scene of that time.

15. The the Career of Jürgen Habermas He was offered the position of "extraordinary professor" of philosophy at the University of Heidelberg in 1962, which he accepted.

16. The Career of Jürgen Habermas In this same year, he gained his first serious public attention, in Germany with the publication of his habilitation “Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere;”

17. The Career of Jürgen Habermas in 1989, a detailed social history of the development of the bourgeois public sphere from its origins in the 18th century salons up to its transformation through the influence of capital-driven mass media.

18. The Career of Jürgen Habermas In 1964, strongly supported by Adorno, Habermas returned to Frankfurt to take over Horkheimer's chair in philosophy and in sociology. The philosopher Albrecht Wellmer was Habermas’ assistant in Frankfurt from 1966 to 1970.

19. The Education and the Career of Jürgen Habermas In 1971, he accepted the position of Director of the Marx Planck Institute in Starnberg, and he worked there until 1983. After that, Habermas returned to his chair at Frankfurt and the directorship of the Institute for Social Research.

20. The Achievements of Habermas Habermas was awarded The Prince of Asturias Award in Social Sciences of 2003. Habermas was also the 2004 Kyoto Laureate in the Arts and Philosophy section.

21. The Achievements of Habermas He traveled to San Diego and on March 5, 2005, as part of the University of San Diego's Kyoto Symposium, Habermas gave a speech entitled “The Public Role of Religion” in Secular Context, regarding the evolution of separation of Church and State from neutrality to intense secularism.

22. The Education and the Career of Jürgen Habermas He received the 2005 Holberg International Memorial Prize. In 2007, Habermas was listed as the 7th most-cited author in the humanities including the social sciences by The Times Higher Education Guide.

23. Major books of Jurgen Habermas with titles In 1981 Habermas published “The Theory of Communicative Action, in which he develops on the concept of an ideal speech situation and an accompanying ethics of discourse.

24. Major books of Jurgen Habermas with titles Next, Habermas also wrote some books such as “Between Facts and Norms.” This book mentions to contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy.

25. Major books of Jurgen Habermas with titles Besides, He wrote “Justification and Application.” It remarks on Discourse Ethics. And then, he wrote “Moral Consciousness and Communicative Action.”

26. Habermas is a thinker and writer After retiring, Habermas has continued to be an active thinker and writer as a teacher and mentor for many theorists working in political sociology, social theory, and social philosophy.

27. Habermas is a great philosophical and social person In short, in order to know deeply about the works of Habermas who is a great German sociologist and philosopher in the tradition of critical theory and pragmatism,

28. Habermas is a great philosophical and social person our group invites all of you continue listen to brother Chuntic who will present detail about the works of Habermas

29. Habermas is a great philosophical and social person in philosophy what he focused on the foundations of social theory and epistemology, the analysis of advanced capitalistic societies and democracy, the rule of law in a critical social- evolutionary context, and contemporary politics, particularly German politics and Habermas’ works have contributed for our contemporary world.

30. Thank you so much for your listening to my report!

31. Habermas’ later works centers on the notion of rational reconstruction. Louie Q. Ybanez, MSSC His theory of communication is an attempt to provide a normative foundation for critical social theory He sees the developments in the philosophy of language as a point of departure for social theory. For Habermas this new direction is necessary since the problem of language has replaced the problem of consciousness.

32. Further, an expanded conception of reason which includes normative and critical dimension requires a theory of language which justifies the insight that the truth of the statements is linked in the analysis to the intention of the good and true life. The linguistic turn began as an attempt to meet this by showing that the normative goal of the critical theory (a society free from all unnecessary domination) is anticipated in every act of communication.

33. Theory of Communicative Action His aim is to reconstruct the presuppositions of communication and to understand the validity claims of utterances (comprehensibility, truth, intentional truthfulness, appropriateness in a normative context) divorced from cultural tradition. Action (Communicative) oriented to reaching an understanding in as much as he takes such action as fundamental.

34. Aims at securing a rational consensus Keystone to theory of speech acts is the explanation of illocutionary force proper to performative utterrances. o External world of objects & events about which one can make true or false statements. o internal world of speaker: intentional experiences that can be truthful or untruthful o normative: reality of society: social life-world of shared values, norms, rules, roles that can fit or unfit, legitimate or wrong.

35. Four Claims in a communication towards understanding (speech action) o Uttering something understandable (intelligibility) o Giving something to understand (truth) o Making himself thereby understandable (justification) o Coming to an understanding with one person (sincerity)

36. A. The four fundamental regulative norms are consensual in the sense: o They define what people expect of each other’s behavior o Presuppose the intersubjectively agreed validity claims involved in ordinarily linguistic (symbolic) communication These claims Habermas says, are essential to the fundamental ideals of truth, freedom and justice.

37. B. It follows that rationalization of communicative action depends on the sincerity of the agent’s intentions (as expressed in action) and also on the actual validity of the claims. Truth for Habermas belongs to statements, not utterances and to say that a statement is true is to make validity claims utilizing constative speech- acts.

38. As the unavoidable “reciprocal presuppositions of discourse” Habermas postulates the ideal speech situation. o Absence of external constraints so that all participants in a dialogue have the same opportunity to apply speech-acts o Obtaining of condition in which rational motivation is allowed to determine the conclusions of discourse The communicative action then can facilitate both self-formation and social integration

39. The ideal speech situation will then facilitate the individuals freedom in action and discourse, allow for revision and replacement of linguistic systems and the theoretical reformulation of the key concepts of truth, freedom, and justice. Rationalization is effective under two aspects or practices: o Instrumental action- application of empirical knowledge in accordance with technical rules o Rational choice- appeals to rules and strategy

40. In this two way purposive-rational action (to which the empirical science apply) can be related about persons and their utterances, and the communicative action (the concern of hermeneutical science) can be related to statements about persons and their utterances while as a result of the process of abstraction everyday experience can both ground statements about scientific data and provide basis for discursive arguments.

41. Three main conclusions of Habermas 1. It is possible to transcend the constraints imposed by traditional hermeneutics through reconstruction of the conditions and presuppositions of theoretical and practical discourse, and more specifically of communication aimed at understanding

42. Three main conclusions of Habermas 2. He thinks a theory of communicative ethics can be based a universal pragmatics which appeals to a rational concensus to determine and validate human needs and interest

43. Three main conclusions of Habermas 3. To overcome the apparent divide between theory and praxis and provide a rational basis for political action he recommends the reconstruction of a “logic of social evolution” structured along the lines of a scientific theory of genetics.