1. Nonfiction Test Review By Mrs. Plags

2. Identify the correct description of each nonfiction text feature by matching the correct descriptions on the right with the structure on the right. 1.________ DescriptionA.The author discusses similarities and differences between people, things, concepts, or ideas 2. ________ Compare and ContrastB. The author provides several details of something to give the reader a mental picture 3. ________ Order and SequenceC. The author provides readers with chronological events or a list of steps in a procedure 4. ________ Problem and SolutionD. The author describes an event or several events and the events that follow. Clue words that you might encounter in this format would be because, as a result of, reason, or due to. 5. ________ Cause and EffectE. The author gives information about a problem and explains one or more solutions

3. 6. Identify the text structure being used in the following passage. Screen Protector Before applying the screen protector, clean the surface of your phone's screen with a soft cloth. Once the surface of your screen is clean, remove the paper backing on the screen protector. Evenly apply the sticky side of the screen protector to your phone's screen. Smooth out any air bubble trapped on between the protector and the phone screen. Enjoy the added protection.

4. 7. Identify the text structure being used in the following passage. What Happened to the Dinosaurs? There are many theories about why the dinosaurs vanished from the planet. One theory that many people believe is that a gigantic meteorite smashed into the Earth. Scientists believe that the meteorite was very big and that the impact may have produced a large dust cloud that covered the Earth for many years. The dust cloud may have caused plants to not receive sunlight and the large plant eaters, or herbivores, may have died off, followed by the large meat eaters, or carnivores. This theory may or may not be true, but it is one explanation as to why these giant reptiles no longer inhabit the Earth.

5. 8. Identify the text structure being used in the following passage. A hurricane is a large storm with heavy winds and rain that begins in the ocean and builds up strength as it moves across the water. While some of the damage caused by hurricanes is from high winds, most of it is usually from tidal surge, flooding entire cities, and killing large numbers of people. A tornado is a storm that develops on land, with no warning, and moves in a circular motion with heavy winds with a funnel shape, picking up and carrying dirt, dust, and even objects. The damage caused by tornadoes is from the high velocity winds, which are extremely destructive and deadly. They can demolish entire neighborhoods in a matter of a few seconds to a few minutes. Tornadoes can form when hurricanes make landfall, as their winds at ground level slow down, while the winds near the top keep their momentum, but a hurricane cannot be created by a tornado.

7. 9. Identify the text structure being used in the following passage. Working on a computer may be easier and safer than working in a mine, but it doesn’t come without risks. Using a computer for a long time can lead to poor eyesight, muscle loosening, back pain, and injuries to the hands and wrists. If you find yourself working or playing on a computer quite regularly, take a few steps to prevent these problems and you’ll thank yourself later. When you are computing for a long time, take frequent breaks. Get up and walk around every once and while. Exercise a little bit. Take your eyes off of the computer screen. Stretch your hands and wrists. Straighten your back. It can be hard to pull yourself away from your computer once you get into a zone, but your body will thank you later if you do. Make your health a priority and don’t worry so much about what’s happening on that little screen.

8. Identify the meaning of the following underlined words using context clues. 10. As she spoke, she scanned her math notes, hoping that no one would notice. A.rewrote B.glanced at C.ignored

9. 11. Now Mrs. Hirsch knew that her perseverance and determination had paid off. A.continued hard work B.Saving C.waiting

10. 12. After this success, she felt optimistic that her students would understand this new concept. A.depressed B.Confused C.hopeful

11. 13. Mrs. Plags, who had co-written the speech with Mrs. Burdasz, was so happy that she felt positively euphoric for her friend’s success. A.unhappy B.depressed C.joyful

12. Identify the author’s purpose of the following writings. 14. An article where the author argues that an IPOD music player is better than a ZUNE

13. 15. The story of a young athlete who takes steroids and his life and future fall apart.

14. 16. A section in a history book describing the conditions and causes of the Great Depression in the Midwest in the 1930s.

15. 17. Identify the main idea of the following passages. What do you get when you cross a robot and an astronaut? A Robonaut! Robonauts are robot helpers designed to work side-by-side with astronauts. Work on the first Robonaut began in 1997, and by 2002 Robonaut B was revealed to the public. Robonaut B may have featured interchangeable lower bodies, like four-wheel mode or hydraulic legs, but scientists and engineers continued to improve Robonaut. In February of 2010, Robonaut 2 was released to the public. Robonaut 2 moved four times faster than the first Robonaut. An advanced version of Robonaut 2 was finally tested in outer space in 2011. Robonaut functioned exactly as designed.

16. 18. Identify the main idea of the following passages. From airplanes to forklifts, hydraulic power is the strength behind many amazing technologies that affect our daily lives, even the breaks on your school bus, but how do they work? First, fluid is rapidly released into a chamber through a valve. As the fluid collect, the valve is slammed shut which causes a pressure spike. Because the chamber is sealed, the pressure has nowhere to go. The hydraulic mechanism channels the pressure and provides great power. And that's how, with the help of hydraulics, Grandma can stop a car with one foot.

17. 19. Identify the main idea of the following passage. It’s hard to imagine what things were like before there was money, but such a time did exist. During these times people exchanged goods using the barter system. The word barter means to trade. People using the barter system traded things instead of buying and selling them. So if you were a rice farmer, you would trade your rice with many people to get all of the things that you wanted or needed. Unfortunately, the people from whom you needed things might not want your rice. Isn’t it nice to just go to the store and buy candy instead of having to trade rice for it?

18. 20. Identify the main idea of the following passage. Sir Isaac Newton was contemplating the universe in his garden one day in 1665 when he noticed an apple fall from a tree. Newton wondered to himself, “Why should the apple always fall to the ground? Why does it not go sideways or upwards but directly toward the Earth’s center?” After much contemplation Newton concluded that objects are pulled to the Earth through a force that he called gravity, which means heaviness in Latin. On July 5th, 1687 Newton formally expressed his law of universal gravitation in series of books called The Principia.