1. Monday, April 4, 2016 ESL Level 3 Week 7

2. Announcements Wednesday, CASAS #2 Thursday, Grammar test from Units 7-12

3. Agenda Vocabulary review Unit 10- Grammar

4. Vocabulary review In order for you to better understand how to use the vocabulary words, I would like for you to write a sentence for each vocabulary word from Unit 10. Remember, nouns are people, places, or things. Opportunity (n) I had the opportunity to start a new job last year. Adjectives describe nouns. Available (adj) There are no available rooms at the hotel tonight. Verbs are actions Support herself (v) Janet supports herself by working two jobs. Adverbs describe the verbs. Dramatically (adv) Mount Sac dramatically changed its programs last year.

5. Unit 10 Vocabulary Log Annual (adj)translation Something that is done every yearThe annual concert at the park is always a lot of fun.

6. Unit 10 Vocabulary Log Survey (n)translation When people ask others questions I took a survey about how happy To get information to see what people I am with the classes at Mt. Sac. Think about something

7. Unit 10 Vocabulary Log Transportation (n)translation Way of travelingMy only way of transportation is my bicycle.

8. Unit 10 Vocabulary Log affordable (adj)translation Something that you have no I bought an affordable car. It is not very Trouble paying forfast or beautiful, but it works well.

9. Adverbs with yes or no and wh- questions 1. Have you ever climbed a mountain? 2. How often have you been on a safari? (How many times?) Which question asks if something happened? Which question asks if something happened several times? How can you answer these questions? 1. Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. No, never. 2. Twice. / Three times.

10. Grammar Note 1 Use the present perfect to talk about things that happened at an indefinite (not exact) time in the past, Use the present perfect when you don’t know when something happened or when the specific time is not important. Ex. I’ve visited the Metropolitan Museum in New York. Ex. Bruce has been to the Tate Museum in London. Remember! When the time is important, we use the simple past.

11. Note 1 Ex. I’ve visited the Metropolitan Museum in New York. Ex. Bruce has been to the Tate Museum in London. In the first example, do you think the speaker knows when the action happened? Yes Why doesn’t he say it then? Because it is NOT IMPORTANT! What about the second sentence?

12. The flight has been cancelled. The result of the action is important in the present. The flight has been cancelled. The result: We won’t be able to fly.

13. Been to and gone to She has been to the supermarket. (been to  the person is back) She has gone to the supermarket. (gone to  the person in still there). Where have you been to?

14. Note 2 We use the present perfect with adverbs to talk about the indefinite past. 1. I’ve often traveled by plane. always never 2. I’ve traveled by plane twice many times. a. We use the present perfect with often, twice, or many times for something that happened several times at an indefinite past.

15. Note 2 b. We use the present perfect with always for something that continues up to the present and with never for something that did not happen before now. I’ve always wanted to go to Rome. – something that continues up to the present. I’ve never gone. – something that did not happen before now.

16. Note 2 Use ever to ask questions. It means at any time before now. Use never for negative answers. Have you ever ridden an elephant? Yes, once. Yes, I once rode an elephant in India. No, never. No, I’ve never ridden an elephant. When we answer positively, we add more information. To answer negatively, we normally use never.

17. Note 2 D. I haven’t been to the beach lately. I have been to the beach recently. / I’ve recently been to the beach. I’ve just been to the beach. Which sentence means that I’ve just been to the beach a short time ago? Which sentence means I’ve been to the beach in the near past? Which sentence means I’ve not been to the beach in the near past?

18. Usage note In American English, we often use just and recently with the simple past. You can’t use lately with the simple past. I’ve just returned. I just returned. I returned lately. X Do not use the present perfect with adverbs that refer to the definite past time. I got back yesterday. NOT I’ve gotten back yesterday.

19. Note 3 She’s been here twice. I’ve been here many times. I’ve always wanted to stay there. We’ve often talked about it. I’ve just had dinner. I haven’t flown lately. He’s recently flown a lot./ He’s flown a lot recently.

20. Questions for you 1. Where to frequency adverbs go? 2. Where do adverbs such as once, twice or many times go? 3. Where does just go? 4. Where does recently go? 5. Where does lately go?

21. Questions for you 1. Where do frequency adverbs go? between a form of have and the past participle 1. Where do adverbs such as once, twice or many times go? At the end of the sentence. 1. Where does just go? Between a form of have and a past participle 1. Where does recently go? Between a form of have and a past participle or at the end of a sentence 1. Where does lately go? At the end of the sentence.

22. Exercises 2-6 Pp.137- 141

23. Pronunciation