1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9VZ9dpWQJxg Introducing Nitrogen

2. Nitrogen is totally unreactive in our atmosphere…

3. The Haber Process Be able to describe the manufacture of ammonia by the Haber process, and remember the essential conditions: (i) a temperature of about 450 °C (ii) a pressure of about 200 atmospheres (iii) an iron catalyst N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) ⇌ 2NH 3 (g) Remember where we get nitrogen and hydrogen from in the manufacture of ammonia. manufacture of fertilisers, explosives and cleaning fluids.

4. The Haber Process N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) ⇌ 2NH 3 (g) The air Hydrogen is obtained from natural gas (methane) or the cracking of hydrocarbons. CH 4 + H 2 O  CO + 3H 2

5. The Haber Process N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) ⇌ 2NH 3 (g) If we want to make ammonia in industry, should we use high pressure or low pressure? 4 molecules2 molecules We actually use 200 atmospheres

6. The Haber Process N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) ⇌ 2NH 3 (g) If we want to make ammonia in industry, should we use high or low temperature? Forward reaction is EXOTHERMIC Backward reaction is ENDOTHERMIC We actually use 450 °C 450 °C is a compromise. Remember, reactions are faster at higher temperatures. We have to use an iron catalyst

7. The Haber Process On cooling the ammonia liquefies and is removed. Why is this? N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) ⇌ 2NH 3 (g)