2. Evidence of Poverty in 19 th C Booth and Rowntree Charles Booth 17 year study in London 30% lived below the poverty line. Only 3% were receiving help from the Poor Law.

3. Evidence of Poverty in 19 th C Booth and Rowntree Seebohm Rowntree York 30% lived below poverty line. A family needed £1 a week to stay above the poverty line.

4. Evidence of Poverty in 19 th C Writers Reverend A Mearns “The Bitter Cry of Outcast London” William Booth “Darkest England” Socialists Social Democratic Federation tried to make people aware of conditions of the poor. Teachers + Civil Servants Teachers complained to school inspectors that children were too hungry to learn Medical officers ( for local councils) reported on the poor state of people’s health.

5. Evidence of Poverty in 19 th C Factory Owners Rowntree, Cadbury and Lever tried to make life better for poor employees. Boer War 1899-1902 34.6% of volunteers were rejected for being too unfit for service.

6. Rowntree’s Causes of Poverty

7. People’s attitude to poverty. Government ‘laissez – faire’. Self – Help – Samuel Smiles “ heaven helps those who help themselves … help from without is often enfeebling in its effects, but help from within invariably invigorates”. Crime/Drink

8. What’s Next? The exam could ask you :- How well did the Liberal government solve these causes of poverty and help the people? ( e.g. look at what they did and say how good it was) Why did the Liberals introduce welfare reforms?

9. Booklet p 9 – How to layout workChildren Date + Name of Reform Date + Name of ReformDetails The Good The Good The Bad Tackles poverty caused by…. Resources Pink Booklet Morrison Cootes Murray*