1. J.A.SACCO

2.   After Mexico gains independence from Spain in 1821, Mexico looking to create a buffer zone between the population of Mexico in the south and the Apache and Comanche tribes in the North. Causes of the Texas Revolution Apache Comanche

3.   To create a buffer, Mexico invites Americans into the region south of the native Americans to act as a buffer. Colonization Laws (1823-1825) Cheap land for American settlers 10 year exemption of taxes Americans must become Mexican citizens, follow Mexican law, and convert to Roman Catholicism The Colonization of Texas

4.   To facilitate colonization, the Mexican government grants land agents (empresarios) to organize American settlers in Texas.  Stephen Austin most famous. Founded Washington-on-the- Brazos. By the 1830’s had 1,500 Americans in Texas. National Colonization Act Stephen Austin

5.  “Texas at Fever Pitch” Mexicans  Spanish  Roman Catholic  Santa Anna-Dictator  Anti-slavery laws Americans  English  Protestant  Federal-Republic when living in U.S.. Use to democracy.  “King Cotton”/slavery What were the differences between the Mexican government and the American colonists that caused tension between the two?

6.   1830- Mexican government forbid future American colonization into Texas.  Land grants suspended by Mexican government on American settlement in Texas  1831- Mexico forbid future importation of slaves into Texas.  Tax on all imports to discourage trade with the U.S. Reaction and Revolution

7.   Stephen Austin acts as President for Texas Convention.  Asks that Texas become a new Mexican state with a new constitution for Texas.  Mexico denies offer and Austin sends word to Texans to prepare for war.  Letter is intercepted and Austin is thrown in jail without trial until 1835. Reaction and Revolution

8.  Santa Anna- Dictator of Mexico  Santa Anna renounces the Mexican Constitution of 1824 and pledges to crush Texas revolution. Peace is impossible Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

9.  The Texas Revolution (1835-1836)  Key to Texan success in the revolution was to give Sam Houston time to raise an army and defeat Santa Anna. Sam Houston

10.  Col. William TravisDavy CrockettJim Bowie The Alamo (March 1836) Heroes of the Alamo

11.   180 men held the Alamo for 13 days. Gave Houston precious time to raise an army. Two weeks later the Battle of Goliad gave the Texans additional time. The Alamo (March 1836) The last stand of Davy Crockett

12. The Battle of San Jacinto (April 21,1836) Sam Houston defeats Santa Anna Santa Anna forced to sign Treaty of Valasco Texas becomes independent but Mexico does not recognize its freedom

13.   Texas asks for immediate annexation by the U.S. in 1836 U.S. Refuses- Why?  Jackson does not recommend annexation in fear of greater tension between North and South  Not want to risk war with Mexico  However did recognize Texas as an independent nation The United States and Texas