1. ROOSEVELT’S FOREIGN POLICY IN LATIN AMERICA

2. Canal Zone – shortens circumnavigation (military and merchant)  Hay-Herran Treaty (1903) – proposed giving U.S. a canal zone 6 miles wide in the Columbian province of Panama in return for $10 million  NOT approved by Columbian senate

3.  Panama Revolution (1903) – Panamanian rebels revolt and proclaim Panama a republic with U.S. aid  U.S. recognizes independence

4. Hay Bunau Varilla Treaty  Lease agreement between U.S. and Panama for 10 mile wide canal zone  $10 million and $250,000/year  Construction: workers battle Yellow Fever and Malaria (mosquitoes)  Panama Canal opens in 1914 (returned to Panama in 1999) (1903)Provisions of Treaty

5. Cuba  Cuba cannot make treaties/assume debts without U.S. approval  Lease Guantanamo naval base to U.S.  Allows U.S. to intervene in Cuba to “preserve order or peace”  Troops sent in 1902 & 1922 Platt Amendment (1901) – Cuba’s conditional independence

6. Puerto Rico  Foraker Act (1900) – created government for Puerto Rican territory  Jones Act (1917) – Puerto Ricans given U.S. citizenship

7. Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine (1904)  Theodore Roosevelt’s interpretation of the Monroe Doctrine  If a nation in the western hemisphere is guilty of consistently behaving “wrongly” the U.S. should step in and act “as an international police power”  Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick

8. Applications of the Corollary  Venezuela – forces British negotiation with Venezuela using the threat of war  Nicaragua – occupied 1912-1933  Haiti – occupied 1915- 1934  Dominican Republic – occupied 1916-1924, supervised finances 1905-1941