1. Phylum Mollusca 1

2. Mollusca Vocabulary Complete a vocab grid. Color on front. Remember to draw & # squares on back. Some are in text and NOT in the glossary. BE THOROUGH 1.Trochophore 2.Mantle 3.Visceral Mass4.Ganglion 5.Mantle Cavity6.Radula 7.Gastropoda(class)8.Hemolymph 9.Hemocoel10.Bivalvia (class) 11.Incurrent Siphon12.Cephalopoda (class) 13. Excurrent Siphon14. Hydrostatic skeleton 2

3. PREVIEW CARDS I. Characteristics of phylum Mollusca (pg. 190, 192) II. Identify examples of the 3 main classes: Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda III. Explain the importance of torsion IV. 3 plausible advantages of torsion V. Shell and associated structures of bivalves VI. Sketch of Bivalve shell Fig. 12.9 VII. Bivalve diversity VIII. Cephalopod shell or lack thereof IX. Chromatophores in cephalopods

4. Taxonomy Kingdom:Animalia Phylum: Mollusca Class:Gastropoda Bivalvia CephalopodA 4

5. Phylum Mollusca http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jsxAr_yrJtM 5

6. Mollusks 50,000 -100,000 living species 35,000 extinct species Largest = 1000 pounds 80% less than 5 cm 6

7. Name comes from latin “molluscus”, meaning soft body Most have a shell Most marine 7

8. Phylum Mollusca Triploblastic Symmetry: Bilateral Coelomate Protostomes 8

9. Mollusca share 3 common features: A muscular foot – usually for movement A visceral mass – including internal organs A mantle – envelopes visceral mass and secretes a shell 9

10. Dorsal mantle covers the visceral mass. 10

11. Secretes the shell 11

12. Gills (Respiration) 12

13. Complete digestive system 13

14. Paired ventral nerve cords 14

15. Radula 15

16. Coelom - metanephridia 16

17. Body Plan 17 Mantle cavity GillsGills Pericardial cavity MetanephridiumMetanephridium RadulaRadula GonadGonad Stomach and digestive gland FootFoot

18. Mollusk General Anatomy

19. Class Bivalvia Clams, Oysters, Shipworms, mussels, Scallops 19

20. Class Bivalvia Two shells Most are filter feeders No head or radula Burrow –Sand, wood, rocks 20

21. 21

22. Bivalve Anatomy

23. Giant Clam & Burrowing Clam 23 Siphon http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrBijKf0 Ywkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrBijKf0 Ywk burrowing clam Pismo clam

24. Giant Clam 24

25. Zebra Mussel Environmental Pest Ballast water of ships from Europe in 1986 Attack by secreting adhesive byssal threads –Each other –Other mussels –Man made objects Pipes, plumbing 25

26. Zebra Mussel Live in high densities Feed on phytoplankton Reproduce rapidly 26

27. Zebra Mussel Attach to native mussels Killed all native mussels in Lake Erie 27

28. Distribution of Zebra Mussel 28

29. ZEBRA MUSSEL INFESTATION http://kxan.com/2014/06/30/new-statewiwde- regulations-will-impact-lake-users/ http://kxan.com/2014/06/30/new-statewiwde- regulations-will-impact-lake-users/ https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/11693684 54/the-threat-of-zebra-mussels-in-bc-a-short- document 29

30. Oyster Ecology http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HeqtLl4313M&feature=related 30

31. Oysters in NYC 31 http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=IFnbnJ8k GQQ

32. Oysters – The Ultimate Filters 32 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Zm- yMpHsaQ

33. Scallops have fan shaped shell 33

34. Scallop Facts Unlike other bivalves like mussels and clams, most scallops are free-swimming. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2iXHBuSIJY swimming scallop http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2iXHBuSIJY They swim by clapping their shells quickly, which moves a jet of water past the shell hinge, propelling the scallop forward Scallops have about 60 eyes that line its mantle. These eyes may be a brilliant blue color, and allow the scallop to detect light, dark and motion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u_RfgvIETEY escaping seastar mantle http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u_RfgvIETEY 34

35. Shipworms not worms at all, but rather a group of unusual saltwater clams with long, soft, naked bodies they drill passages by means of a pair of very small shells borne at one end, with which they rasp their way through. Sometimes called "termites of the sea”clams 35 http://www.y outube.com/ watch?v=A HcHNoOyv 5Ihttp://www.y outube.com/ watch?v=A HcHNoOyv 5I eating shipworms

36. Class Gastropoda Snails, Slugs, Conchs, Limpets, Whelks, Nudibranchs, Abalones 36

37. Class Gastropoda Largest Class of Mollusks about 35,000 species One shell (if present) Torsion of body (visceral mass twists 180° during development) 37

38. Torsion 38

39. Gastropod Open circulatory system Fluid called Hemolymph 39

40. Snail Terrestrial Mantle cavity functions as lung 40

41. Snail 41 Tentacle (Eye stalks) TentacleTentacle PneumostomePneumostome AnusAnus FootFoot MouthMouth Genital pore ShellShell Add foot and make it #8

42. Snails 42

43. CONE SNAIL http://www.youtube.com/results? search_query=tueb+snail+eats+fis h&aq=f http://www.youtube.com/results? search_query=tueb+snail+eats+fis h&aq=f 43 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zcBmMP JrrKk

44. Nudibranch No shell Nudibranchs get their bright colors from the food they eat. Dorsal projections -Gills -Nematocyst discharge by preying on organisms with nematocyst

45. 45

46. Spanish Dancer Nudibranch 46 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IWmaSk hsmbY

47. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbEmnfY-niUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbEmnfY-niU ABALONE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbEmnfY-niUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbEmnfY-niU ABALONE Several holes in top of shell –Excrete waste Food for man 47

48. Slug No shell Garden pests 48

49. Limpet Herbivores Cling to rocks or other surfaces 49

50. Conch Large shell Marine Many are predators 50

51. Giant Conch 51 http://www.youtube. com/watch?v=TaaZD 6gX4Rw

52. Class Cephalopoda Squids, Octopuses, Nautiluses, Cuttlefish 52

53. Class Cephalopoda “head footed” Shell in squid and octopus absent or vestigial (serves no obvious purpose) Jet propulsion Ink sac for defense Foot modified into arms and tentacles Marine All predators Roughly 700 living species 53

54. Squid 54 Dorsal Ventral Posterior surface Right Left

55. Squid 55 FinFin ArmArm Funnel (siphon) EyeEye TentacleTentacle CollarCollar

56. Squid 56 Shell (Pen) Ctenidium (gills) FunnelFunnel SystemicheartSystemicheart Branchial heart

57. Squid Male 57 TestisTestis Hectocotylous arm PenisPenis

58. Squid Female 58 Ovary with eggs Nidamental glands Oviducal gland Oviducal opening

59. Squid

60. VIRTUAL SQUID DISSECTION http://www.biologyc orner.com/workshee ts/squid_virtual.html 60

61. Octopus Eight arms with suckers Crawl or eject water from siphon Change skin color –chromatophores Most intelligent invertebrate 61

62. Giant Octopus vs shark http://video.national geographic.com/vide o/player/animals/inv ertebrates- animals/octopus- and- squid/octopus_giant _kills_shark.html 62

63. WOW, Giant Octopus! 63 http://www.youtube. com/watch?v=lwAqh Thd_EQ

64. Intelligent Octopus 64 http://www.youtube. com/watch?v=bBe2K aRuI80

65. Nautilus Indian & Pacific Ocean @ ~ 1,800 feet Avg. life span = 20 years ( unusual – most cephalopods have short life span) Average size 8-10 inches in diameter Up to 94 tentacles –No suckers Shell with many chambers –Lives in outermost chamber 65

66. Nautilus 66 http://www.youtube. com/watch?v=QMFq V4SJLWg

67. Cuttlefish 67 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2x- 8v1mxpR0&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2x- 8v1mxpR0&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__X A6B41SQQ&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__X A6B41SQQ&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8A w7QroV78 mating in mozambiquehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8A w7QroV78

68. Cephalopod – Master of Disguise 68 http://www.youtube. com/watch?v=5rqho mPaxhEhttp://www.youtube. com/watch?v=5rqho mPaxhE http://www.youtube. com/watch?v=IyeKb RIQTxs&feature=rel ated

69. The End 69