1. Scandal involving the French, a bribe, and the refusal of America to pay the bribe. Occurred while John Adams was President. Laws passed during the XYZ Affair with France. Limited freedom of speech and the press. Was denounced by many leaders including Jefferson and Madison who wrote the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions in opposition to the laws. Style of government where the government tries to stay out of people’s lives as much as possible. Philosophy advocated by Jefferson. Famous Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Greatly enhanced the power of the court with the ruling in Marbury v. Madison. Famous Supreme Court case that set up the power of judicial review. List of rights that were demanded by the Anti- federalist in order to approve the new Constitution. Freedom of Speech, Press, Religion, Assembly, and Petition. Enumerated, delegated, expressed, and exclusive powers are all powers that belong to this part of our government. Powers of the government that are shared by all levels of government. Group created by Washington to advise him on important policy matters. Originally composed of Hamilton, Jefferson, and Henry Knox. Plan presented at the Constitutional Convention that represented the views of the smaller states. Agreement between the large and small states to have a bicameral Congress based on population(House) and equality(Senate) of the states. People who supported a strong national government. Led by Alexander Hamilton, this group tended to favor policies that benefited the businessmen of the nation. This group was in opposition to the new Constitution because they believed it had too much power and lacked a bill of rights. Patrick Henry was a very vocal leader. Leader of the Federalist Party. Wrote many of the articles in the Federalist Papers. Became the first Sec. of the Treasury. Helped to establish the National Bank. First national government formed by the states after the winning of independence from Britain. Lasted from 1781 to 1787. Very weak national government. Law that set up the process of statehood, and also banned slavery from the northern territories of the nation. One of the first laws passed by the Congress. Rebellion that proved the weakness of the Articles of Confederation. Started in Massachusetts in 1787. Meeting that began in Philadelphia in 1787. Purpose of the meeting was to fix the problems with the Articles of Confederation. Plan presented in the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that represented the interests of the larger states. Plan of gov’t is very similar to the modern gov’t we use today. Article written by Thomas Paine that urged the colonies to officially separate from Britain and become independent. Jan 1776 Author of the Declaration of Independence. Place where Washington’s Colonial Army camped in the winter of 1777-1778. The army had to endure extreme weather and hardship to continue the Revolution. Revolutionary War battle that convinced the French to join the Americans against the British. Treaty that ended the Revolutionary War and officially recognized the United States as independent. --- Common SenseThomas Jefferson Valley Forge SaratogaTreaty of Paris Articles of Confederation NW OrdinanceShay’s Rebellion Constitutional Convention Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Great CompromiseFederalists Anti-FederalistsAlexander Hamilton XYZ Affair Alien and Sedition Acts Laissez-Faire John MarshallMarbury v. Madison Bill of Rights1 st Amendment Federal Powers Concurrent PowersCabinet National Bank Democratic- Republicans Implied Powers Reserved PowersFarewell Warnings Part of the government that was formed under the advice of Alexander Hamilton in order to correct the nation’s financial troubles. Political Party led by Jefferson and Madison. Believed in a weaker federal government and strong state governments. Powers of the government which are not written into the Constitution, but come from the necessary and proper clause. Powers that belong only to the states. Last message by George Washington to the nation as President. Spoke about the dangers of political parties and foreign affairs.