1. From choice, a world of possibilities The Needs and Challenges of Women’s Sexual & Reproductive Health in Eastern Europe and Central Asia Defending Women’s Rights, P2P Study Tour Brussels, 23 March 2011 Elizabeth Bennour IPPF European Network

2. IPPF EUROPEAN NETWORK IPPF EN Members in 41 countries in Europe and Central Asia Some of IPPF’s founder members Creation of 21 MAs in post-Soviet Eastern Europe, Balkans and Central Asia

3. Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights: What do women want? Sexual health and well being Choice of if/when to have children and how many Safe motherhood Bodily integrity IPPF EN ► Access ► Quality ► Information ► Rights

4. IPPF EN Contraceptive Prevalence, Modern Methods Choosing if and when to have a child Source: UNFPA, State of the World Population, 2010

5. Contraceptive Prevalence, Modern + Traditional Methods IPPF EN Choosing if and when to have a child Source: UNFPA, State of the World Population, 2010

6. Choosing if and when to have a child Source: UNFPA, State of the World Population, 2010

7. Abortions per 1000 live births % of women trying to delay/ avoid pregnancy % of those trying to delay/avoid who use a traditional method Bulgaria 471 6337 Estonia 525 7020 Hungary 445 8112 Latvia 435 6818 Romania 576 7046 Slovakia 322 8018 Armenia 303 5364 Georgia 390 4743 Kazakhstan 365 514 Rep Moldova 408 6837 Russia 951 8013 Serbia 350 4154 Link between abortion and reliable contraception Choosing if and when to have a child Sources: UNFPA, State of the World Population, 2010 WHO, European Health For All Database, 2010

8. Abortions by age group Choosing if and when to have a child Source: WHO, European Health For All Database, 2010

9. Critical Issues Urban/rural disparities in access to services Lack of knowledge on contraceptives and abortion methods Poor quality of services, particularly counselling on contraceptives Limited use of modern abortion methods in many countries Limited choice of contraceptives High cost of contraceptives Choosing if and when to have a child

10. Critical Issues (2) Limited access to assisted reproduction ► fertility tourism Choosing if and when to have a child

11. WHO European Health For All Database, 2010 Safe Motherhood 43 59 43 33

12. Abortion-related maternal deaths per 100,000 live births 22%33% 9% 13%32% 29% Safe Motherhood Source: WHO, European Health For All Database, 2010

13. Chlamydia – Incidence rate/100 000 population Source: CISID http://data.euro.who.int/cisid Sexual & Reproductive Health and Well Being

14. IPPF EN Sexual & Reproductive Health and Well Being0000000000 HIV among women Increasing proportion of women “Blame”, stigma, discrimination In some countries effectively denied right to have children % of total infected who are women Source: WHO, European Health For All Database, 2010

15. Source: WHO MDB, latest available data Sexual & Reproductive Health and Well Being Cervical cancer mortality in selected European Countries

16. IPPF EN 20-65% of women have experienced violence of intimate partner 70,000 new victims of trafficking in Europe each year 140,000 currently trafficked ► close link between trafficking and GBV Bodily Integrity Gender Based Violence (GBV) and Trafficking Other violations of bodily integrity: FGM Honour crimes Forced marriage

17. IPPF EN Critical Issue: Comprehensive Sexuality Education Essential for young people to have healthy and fulfilling sexuality Not mandatory in all countries (very controversial in some) Many variations between and within countries on: Starting age and duration Quality of teaching and teacher training Quality of materials Breadth of content: very often narrow (biological) and negative Good materials and guidelines exist: we need to advocate for them

18. IPPF EN Thank you!