1. Annotated Bibliography, Outline, and Citations MLA: WHAT IS IT EXACTLY?

2. So, who makes up the rules about research papers?  MLA=Modern Language Association  Over 30,000 members  Sponsors programs related to English and Foreign Language  Publishes books about resources for languages and education of languages  Publishes a manual explaining how to write research papers for humanities an liberal arts classes  Handbook covers: rules for taking notes, rules for Works Cited pages, rules for citations, rules for formatting the manuscript

3. What are those things again? 1) In-text citations: a) A short “tag” that shows the reader which source (referenced on your works cited page) you got that information from. b) They should be in every body paragraph, and one should appear every time you switch sources. c) Format: (Snader 24). OR (“Dogs Rue”).

4. Format Formula: 1) Works Cited Page and Annotated Bibliography a) These are pages where you use MLA formatting to tell your reader EXACTLY how they can access your sources. b) Format example (for web sources):  Last name, First name. "Article Title.” Website Title. Publisher of Website, Day Month Year article was published. Web. Day Month Year article was accessed.  "How to Make Vegetarian Chili." eHow Demand Media, n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2009.  Use your MLA Checklist and handouts!

5. Standards being assessed:  Annotated Bibliography: (4-points)  Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative print and/or digital sources, using advanced searches effectively; assess the strengths and limitations of each source in terms of the task, purpose, and audience; integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of ideas, avoiding plagiarism and overreliance on any one source and following a standard format for citation.W.11-12.8  Outline: (8-points)  Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.W.11-12.4  Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.W.11-12.9

6. Annotated Bibliography  Annotated Bibliography : a list of citations to books, articles, and documents. Each citation is followed by a brief, descriptive, and evaluative paragraph known as the annotation.  The purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited.  Each annotation is usually 50-150 words in length  You will need at least four sources for your paper, but a total of six is recommended.  For an example look at the Annotated Bibliography and Rubric handout that should be kept in your folder.  Remember: just like in your paper, you cannot use 1 st Person language in your Annotated Bibliography

7. MLA Outline  Here are the reasons why we create outlines:  Aids in the process of writing  Helps you organize your ideas  Presents your material in a logical form  Shows the relationships among ideas in your writing  Constructs an ordered overview of your writing  For specific format instructions: refer to the outline template and rubric that should be kept in your folder  The outline uses proper capitalization and punctuation:  Only the first word in the heading is capitalized (with the exception of proper nouns).  A period follows each letter or number in the outline except where parentheses are used  No period follows headings or subheadings in a topic outline  The pattern of indentation properly spaces letters and numbers

8. The content of your outline: 1. Introduction: 1. Introduce your topic (controversial issue and its history) 2. Tell the reader the stance that you will be taking in the body of your paper (thesis) 2. Body Paragraphs (four paragraphs total): 1. 2 Claim Paragraphs 1. Give evidence and reasons to support your claim 2. Counterclaim Paragraph 1. Explain the other side of your argument 3. Rebuttal Paragraph 1. Explain why your side of the argument is more valid 3. Conclusion: 1. Rephrase your thesis and summarize your main points

9. A note about ¶ Order: There are two options for how you may organize the body paragraphs in your paper: Option 1:  1 st Claim  2 nd Claim  Counterclaim  Rebuttal This is the more traditional format used in debates. It allows you to present most of your evidence at the beginning to build a strong case for your argument. Option 2:  1 st Claim  Counterclaim  Rebuttal  2 nd Claim This option allows you to still introduce your argument but then have a stronger finish by ending with more evidence about your side of the argument.

10. WHAT should be cited? 1. A Direct Quote  a word-for-word copy of source material. The quote is enclosed in quotation marks. If your quote is more than 4 lines long, use a block quote. (If you have a quote this long, seriously consider taking out unnecessary portions.)block quote  In-text citation can be done two different ways.  Author Incorporated into Text  Joseph Conrad writes of the company manager in Heart of Darkness, "He was obeyed, yet he inspired neither love nor fear, nor even respect" (87).  Author After Quotation  "The red tree vole is a crucial part of the spotted owl's diet" (Moone 15).

11. What should be cited? Continued 2. A Paraphrase  Representing an idea from a source in your own words.  Paraphrasing is used most often to explain jargon or difficult to understand information in terms the reader can easily understand.  In-Text Citations  Author Incorporated into Text  Robert Lenz states that Oregon salmon populations have dramatically declined in the past decade (27).  Author After Paraphrase  Oregon salmon populations have dramatically declined in the past decade (Lenz 27).

12. What should be cited? Continued 3. A Summary  a condensed version of a longer passage from the source. Like a paraphrase, it is written in your own words.  In-Text Citations are the same as paraphrases.

13. Random Reminders and Tips  Not citing material is PLAGIARISM.  Not sure if you need the in-text citation? Better safe than sorry!  Make sure your Annotated Bibliography is in alphabetical order. This comes last and is often forgotten.  Also, if your citation goes to a second line, it needs a hanging indent.  Many websites will help you put information in to MLA format. MAKE SURE YOU CHECK WHAT THEY GIVE YOU, THOUGH. MLA does change and get updated, but the website may not!

14. Websites to Make Citations  http://www.citationmachine.net/mla http://www.citationmachine.net/mla  http://www.easybib.com/ http://www.easybib.com/  Keep in mind:  You will often still need to check information and fill in blanks. They rarely auto-fill ALL the information.  You will still need to alphabetize your works cited.  If any part of your citation appears in all capital letters, it is wrong.