1. Mahatma Gandhi Institute Of Technical Education And Research Center
Civil : I - 1
Group No. : 03
Subject : Building Construction

2. HITESH PATEL Faculty Of Civil engineering department MGITER,NAVSARI.
PRESENTED BY:
GROUP ID : GROUP NO. 3
B.E. – II, SEM- III
SR.NO.
NAME
ENROLLMENT NO. 1
PATEL MAYANK D. 2
TIWARI YOGESH K.
HITESH PATEL Faculty Of Civil engineering department MGITER,NAVSARI.
GUIDED BY:-

3. Stairs

4. What is stairs ?
“a flight of steps or series of flights for passing from one level to another” . Or
A stair may be defined as series of steps suitably arranged to provide the means of ascent and descent between the floors.

5. Technical terms of Stairs.
Step
Tread
Riser
Flight
Landing
Rise
Going
Nosing
Scotia
Baluster
Head room
Run
Line of nosing
Soffit
Winders
Pitch
Strings
Newel Post

6. Step : It is a portion of stair which permits ascent and descent
Step : It is a portion of stair which permits ascent and descent. It is comprised of a tread and riser.
Tread : It is the upper horizontal portion of a step upon which the feet is placed while ascending or descending.
Riser : It is the vertical portion of a step providing a support to the tread.

7. Rise : It is the vertical distance between two successive tread faces.
Flight : A series of step without any plateform, break r landing in their direction.
Landing : It is the level platform at the top or bottom of a flight between the floors.
Rise : It is the vertical distance between two successive tread faces.
Going : It is the horizontal distance between two successive riser faces.
Nosing : It is the projecting part of the tread beyond the face of the riser.

8. Scotia : It is the moulding providing under the nosing to imprve the elevation of the step.
Line of Nosing : It is the imaginary line passing each tread and is parallel to the slope of the stair.

9. Soffit : It is the underside of a stair.
Winders : These are the tapering steps which are provided for changing the direction of a stair.
Strings : These are the sloping wooden members which support the steps in a stair.they run along the slope of stair.
Newel post : This is the vertical member which is placed at the ends of flights to connect hand rail.

10. Head room : The minimum vrtical distance between the tread and ceiling of the staircase is called head room.
Balusters : These are the vertical members of wood metal supporting the hand rail.

11. Classification of Stairs
Based on materials
Wooden Stair
Stone Stair
Steel Stair
Reinforced Concrete Stairs
Brick Stair
Based on arrangement of steps
Straight Stair
Dog legged Stair
Quarter turn stair
Open newel stair
3 Quarter turn Stair
Bifurcated Stairs
Geometrical Stairs
Circular Stairs

12. Classification based on materials
WOODEN STAIRS.
Light in weight and easy to construct.
Use for small residential buildings.
Hard woods like teak oak, mahogany etc. are used for timber stairs.
STONE STAIRS
Used for warehouses,workshops,etc.
Cross section of steps may be rectangular,or triangular.
Steel Stairs
Used only as emergency stairs.
Commonly used in factories,godowns,workshop,etc.
Form of Steel stairs commonly used are the spiral stairs.

13. ~>Cost of maintenance is almost nil.
~>They are strong,durable and pleasing in appearance.
~>Widely used for Residential,public and industrial buildings.
RCC STAIRS
~>The treads and risers are finished with suitable flooring material.
~>The treads are made equal to lengths of 3/2 bricks and risers of two layers of bricks.
~>These stairs are built of solid masonary construction,provide in lower portion.
BRICK STAIRS

14. Based on arrangement of steps
Straight stairs
~>These are stairs along which there is no change in direction on any flight.
~>It is used where stair case hall is long and narrow.
Dog legged Stair
~>Consists of two straights flight ofsteps with abrupt turn between them.
~>Useful where the width of the stair-case hall is just sufficient to accommodate 2 width of stair.
Quarter turn stair
~> A straight turning to one right angle.
~>The change in direction can be affected by either introducing a landing or by providing winders.

15. Spiral or circular stair
Openwell stairs
~>In this type of stairs there is well or opening between the flights in plan.
~>This well may be rectangular or of any geometrical shape and it can be used for fixing lift.
Bifurcated Stairs
~>These stairs are so arranges that there is a wide flight at the start which is subdivided into two narrow flights at the mid landing.
Spiral or circular stair
~>The spiral stairs are provided where the space is less traffic is low.
~>All the steps radiates from a newel post in the form of winders.

16. GROUP MEMBERS
HARDIK BHATT
JOSHI JIGAR
CHINTAN DESAI
YOGESH
THANK YOU