1. How citizens participate in government. Autocracy – one person has complete control of the government Oligarchy – government is controlled by a small group of people. Democracy – a form of government where the citizens hold political power.

2. How governments distribute power in the government Unitary – central government has all the power. Can give power to lower levels of power and take it away. Confederation – A group of regional governments that share power with a weak central government. Membership is voluntary. Federal – power is shared equally between the central and regional governments

3. Stock Market Crash In 1929 the value of stocks people held in companies dropped quickly. Investors began to sell their stock and prices dropped. Economic depression A time where business could not buy or sell goods because consumers did not have money to spend. Businesses closed and workers lost their jobs. As businesses closed buying and selling almost stopped.

4. Adolf Hitler Was a leader of the National Socialist party or the Nazi Party. Germany rallied behind him because of his promise to restore Germany to her former economic and military strength Nazi Party Called the National Socialist party that blamed the Treaty of Versailles for many of the problems in Germany. They also blamed the Jews in the country for controlling the banks and money in the country.

5. Woodrow Wilson President of the United States during WWI. He proposed a 14 point plan to peace that would be rejected by France and the United Kingdom.

6. Reparations the making of amends for a wrong by paying money to those who have been wronged.

7. Wilhelm II The last emperor of Germany that ruled during WWI. As part of the Treaty of Versailles he was to be tried for war crimes.

8. Russian Revolution In early 1917 Serfs in Russian led a riot against the Czar of Russia. The military sent to turn down the revolution joined the peasants. A weak government was installed which would be overturned by Lenin.

9. Treaty of Versailles A treaty at the end of WWI that explained what the winners of the war were awarded and the losers of the war lost. Germany was blamed for the war and punished.

11. Nicholas II Was the last Czar of Russia. He was the monarch during the Russian Revolution. He and his family were murdered by the Bolsheviks. Czar An absolute ruler in Russia

12. Serfs A member of the lowest class in Russia. Often these people were owned by land owners or had to pay heavy taxes to be able to work the land for a land lord. Bolsheviks A member of the Russian Social Democratic Party, which was renamed the Communist Party after seizing power in the Russian Revolution of 1917. This group helped push aside the weak government and put Lenin in power.

13. Vladimir Lenin Took control of Russia after the Russian Revolution and established the communist party. He renamed Russia the Soviet Union. Communism political and economic system in which the resources in a society—such as mines, factories, and farms—are owned by the government, and wealth is divided among citizens equally or according to individual need.