1. Dr. Saubhagya Vardhan, Associate Professor in Music, Head of the Deptt., P.G.G.C.G, Sec-42, Chandigarh

2. Dr. Saubhagya Vardhan, Associate Professor in Music, Head of the Deptt., P.G.G.C.G, Sec-42, CHD /zqoin dk vkfo"dkj iUnzgoha 'krkCnh esa Xokfy;j ds ^jktk ekuflag rksej* }kjk gqvk ekuk tkrk gS A jktk ekuflag rksej dk le; lu~ 1486 bZ- ls lu~ 1516 bZ0 rd ekuk x;k gS A dqN fo}kuksa dk dguk gS fd /zqoin dh mRifÙk rks igys gh gks pqdh Fkh A ekuflag us bldks u;k,oa lqO;ofLFkr :i iznku djds izpkfjr djus dk dk;Z fd;kA Lokeh izKkukuUn ds vuqlkj jktk ekuflag ds le; esa /zqoin dk vkfo"dkj ugha fd;k x;k Fkk] cfYd mls,d u;k :i ns fn;k x;k Fkk] ftlesa fgUnw o eqfLye laxhrKksa us jktk ekuflag dk cgqr lkFk fn;k dqN fo}ku ^'kwM* izcU/ ^/zqoin* vax ls /zqoin dh mRifÙk ekurs gSA dSIVu foyMZ- /zqoin dk vkjEHk jktk ekuflag ds le; ls ekurs gaSA buds vuqlkj jktk ekuflag dks /zqoin xk;dksa dk firk dgk x;k gSA ekudqrwgy xzUFk ds fgUnh vuqokn ^laxhr niZ.k* esa /zqoin ds y{k.kksa dk o.kZu djrs gq, dgk x;k gS fd blesa pkj iafDr;ka gksrh gSA 1

3. Dr. Saubhagya Vardhan, Associate Professor in Music, Head of the Deptt., P.G.G.C.G, Sec-42, CHD bldh Hkk"kk ns'kh gksrh gSA leLr jlksa eas bls ckU/k tkrk gS Jh pSrU; nslkbZ ds vuqlkj Hkjr }kjk of.kZr /zqok xhr gh eè; ;qx esa ^/zqoin* rFkk vk/qfud le; esa ^/zqin* dgs tkus yxsA 17 oha- 'krkCnh vFkkok vdcj o ekuflag ds le; /zqin&/kej xk;u vius pjeksRd"kZ ij FkkA izkphudky esa /zqoin esa laLd`r 'yksdksa dks xkdj gekjs ½f"k&eqfu Hkxoku dh vkjk/uk fd;k djrs FksA Jh vejs'kpUnz pkScs dk fopkj gS fd vkjEHk esa nsoky;ksa esa Lrqfr;ksa rFkk dhrZuksa dk xk;u laLd`r Hkk"kk esa gksrk FkkA ns'kh vFkok izkd`r Hkk"kkvksa ds izpkj ds lkFk&lkFk gh HkfDr xk;u mu Hkk"kkvksa eas Hkh gksus yxk vkSj bu HkfDRkxhrksa dk /zqin dgk x;kA ;s /qzoin xhr lqfu;fer] lqlEc¼ Lojkykiksa rFkk y;dkfj;ksa esa gksrs FksA bl xhr ds in vpy ;k fuf'pr FksA xk;u esa budh Loj jpuk rFkk y; vkfn esa ifjorZu ugha gks ldrk Fkk A dykRed gksrs gq, Hkh bu /zqinksa dks bZ'ojksikluk dk,d fof'k"V lk/u ekuk tkrk jgk gSA okLro esa budh dykRed o`f¼ buds jktnjckjksa esa xk;u vkjEHk gksus ds le; gh gqbZA eqlyekuksa dks efUnjksa esa dksbZ fo'okl ugha FkkA blfy, mUgksaus dsoy euksjatu dk lk/u le>kA tc xk;dksa dks izyksHku fn, ;k ckè; fd;k x;k rks mUgksaus mlh vk/kj ij jktkvksa dh iz'kalk esa ;k J`axkj jl iz/ku cfUn'ksa curh vkjEHk dj nhaA 1-2

4. Dr. Saubhagya Vardhan, Associate Professor in Music, Head of the Deptt., P.G.G.C.G, Sec-42, CHD bldk ifj.kke dkykUrj esa v/quk izkIr J`axkfjd,oa jktk o lezkV vkfn dks LrqR;kRed vFkok izla'kkRed cfUn'kksa ds :i esa lkdkj gqvkA,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd jktk ;k lezkV /zqoinksa dks cMs+ pko ls lqurk FkkA mlus vius ;qx esa,d lglz izpfyr /qzoinksa dk laxzg djok; Fkk Lokeh d`".kkuUn ds f'k"; Lokeh gfjnkl] jkenkl] fe;ka rkulsu rFkk vU; cgqr ls dykdkj izfl¼ /zqoin xk;d gq, gSA Jhikn cUnksikè;k; ds fopkj esa /zqoin dk mn~xe izkphu xk;u 'kSfy;ksa tSls &NUn] izcU/ rFkk tkfr vkfn ls gqvk gS] D;ksafd mlesa lEiw.kZ y{k.k tksfd,d jkx xkus ds fy, vko';d le>s x, gSa ;k mldh fo'ks"krk,¡ ekuh xbZ gS fo|eku FkhaA,slk Hkh ekuk x;k gS fd /zqoin ifo=k o nSfod izdkj ds xhrksa dk vkHkkl nsrk gS] D;kasfd ^/zqo* dk vFkZ gS ifo=k] vFkok vVy vuUr] fuR; rFkk fnO; vkSj ^in* dk vFkZ gS xhfr ;k xkuA MkW- lqfefr eqVkVdj ds vuqlkj /zqoin rFkk jkx o rky vkfn 'kkL=kh; laxhr efUnjksa o nsoky;ksa esa gh fodflr gqvk] ijUrq eqlyekuh 'kklu gksus ds ckn gekjs xk;d jkt njckjksa esa ig¡qp x, vkSj laxhr es vkè;kfRedrk de gksdj ;g jkt njckj dh oLrq cu xbZA dqN yksx,slk Hkh ekurs gaS fd /zqoin dk mn~xe Xokfy;j o mlds vkl&ikl ds ns'kh yksd&xhrksa ls gqvk gSA mudk rdZ gS fd /zqoin vkSj ns'kh yksd&xhrksa dh izd`fr esa dqN lekurk Fkh vkSj mudks izLrqr djus ds fof/ Hkh dsoy rkuksa dks NksM+dj,d leku FkhA 1-3

5. Dr. Saubhagya Vardhan, Associate Professor in Music, Head of the Deptt., P.G.G.C.G, Sec-42, CHD 1-4

6. Dr. Saubhagya Vardhan, Associate Professor in Music, Head of the Deptt., P.G.G.C.G, Sec-42, CHD 1-5

7. Dr. Saubhagya Vardhan, Associate Professor in Music, Head of the Deptt., P.G.G.C.G, Sec-42, CHD /qzoin xk;dksa dks dykoar dh laKk nh tkrh gSA dykorksa ds mudh pkj okf.k;ksa [kaMkj] ukSgkj] Mkxqj,oa xkscjgkj ds vk/kj ij pkj oxksZa dk fuekZ.k gqvk gSA bu okf.k;ksa dh mRifr dgk¡ ls gqbZ\ bl iz'u dk mÙkj fuf'pr :i ls ugha fn;k tk ldrkA rFkkfi vusd fo}kuksa dk er gS fd izkphudky esa 'kq¼k] fHkUuk] osljk] xkSM+h rFkk lk/kj.kh bR;kfn tks xhfr;k¡ vFkok xkus dh fofHkUu jhfr;k¡ izfl¼ Fkh] mUgha ls mi;qZDr pkjksa okf.k;k¡ mRiUu gqbZ gSA izR;sd ?kjkus ds xk;u vius iwoZtksa dh ok.kh ds vuqlkj gh xkus dk vH;kl djrs FksA D;ksafd orZeku le; esa /qzoin dk izpkj &izlkj de gks x;k gS] blfy, okf.k;ksa dk yqIr gksuk Hkh LokHkkfod gh gSA ia fo".kqukjk;.k Hkkr[k.Ms ds vuqlkj orZeku le; esa okf.k;ksa dk jgL; Hkyh& Hkkafr tkuus okyh xk;d 'kk;n gh feysaxsA okf.k;ksa dk vFkZ,oa ifjHkk"kk lk/kjr% ^ok.kh dk vFkZ cksyh ;k ^mfDr* gksrk gSA pkjksa okf.k;ksa dh ppkZ bl /zqoin esa gS] tks rkulsu ds uke ls ^Mkxqj* oxZ dks uhpk fn[kkus ds fy, cuk;k x;k gS%& ckuh pkjksa ds C;ksgkj lqfu yhtS gks xquhtu rc ikoS ;g fo|klkjA jktk xqcjgkj] iQkStnkj [kaMkj] nhoku Mkxqj] cdlh ukSgkjAA vpy lqj iape] lqj ½`"kHk] eè;e] /Sor] fu"kkn] xka/kjA lIr lqj] rhu xzke] bdbZl ewPNZuk] ckbZl lqjfr] mupkl dwV rku rkulsu v/kj AA 1-6

8. Dr. Saubhagya Vardhan, Associate Professor in Music, Head of the Deptt., P.G.G.C.G, Sec-42, CHD 1-7

9. Dr. Saubhagya Vardhan, Associate Professor in Music, Head of the Deptt., P.G.G.C.G, Sec-42, CHD 1-8

10. Dr. Saubhagya Vardhan, Associate Professor in Music, Head of the Deptt., P.G.G.C.G, Sec-42, CHD समाप्त