1. Warm-Up Pick up two sheets and packet in the back. Work on Mini Lab at your desk.

3. Electricity and Magnetism Chapter 7

4. Objectives Relate electron movement to electric charge Compare charge production by friction, induction, and conduction

5. Go to videovideo

6. Atomic Structure Proton (+) Electron (-) Neutron (0)

7. Gaining or Losing Electrons Electrons can move from one atom to another Lose electron = + charge Gain electron = - charge Law of Attraction

9. Static Electricity When a charge builds in an object

10. Charging Objects Electric Charge can occur in 3 ways: Friction Induction Conduction

11. Static Hair Friction “rubs off” electrons to another object Objects become oppositely charged Will attract each other (Hair to Balloon)

13. PhET Simulation http://phet.colorado.edu/web- pages/simulations-base.htmlhttp://phet.colorado.edu/web- pages/simulations-base.html

14. Static Cling Dryer Steals – by friction Clothes have + and attract to your – Pulled apart leads in shock or - transfer

15. Review How Occurs Same/Opp Charge Repel/ Attract Friction Rubbing objects together Opposite charges Attract Induction Conduction

16. Induction A charged object is brought near a neutral object Charge repels similarly charged particles Develops opposite charge Will attract (balloon to balloon)

17. PhET Simulation (Again) http://phet.colorado.edu/web- pages/simulations-base.htmlhttp://phet.colorado.edu/web- pages/simulations-base.html

18. How Occurs Same/Opp Charge Repel/ Attract Friction Rubbing objects together Opposite charges Attract Induction Bringing charged object close to uncharged object Opposite charges Attract Conduction

19. A charged object touches a neutral object Charge transfers Develop similar charge and will repel

20. Van de Graff

21. Review How Occurs Same/Opp Charge Repel/ Attract Friction Induction Conduction Rubbing objects together Bringing charged object close to uncharged object Touching charged object to uncharged object Opposite charges Same charges Attract Repel

22. When you build up a charge then touch something, what happens???

23. Electric Shock When a charged object touches a neutral or oppositely charged object, electrons are transferred called static discharge Leads to a shock

24. John Travoltage and Shock http://phet.colorado.edu/web- pages/simulations-base.htmlhttp://phet.colorado.edu/web- pages/simulations-base.html

25. Lightning Winds separate charges Pushes charge on ground Attracts to Meet in middle

26. Question: Some say your hair will stand on end just before a lightning strike? Does this make sense to you? Why or why not?

27. Grounding Grounding allows for removal of excess charge to protect from lightning, appliances

28. Warm-Up 1. What are 3 ways an object can receive a charge? Will they be attracted or repelled by the object that charged them?

29. Circuits – Open vs. Closed Switches open and close circuits. back

30. Wires Resistors Light bulbs Switches Chemical cell Battery circuit with 2 cells wired in series Battery circuit with 2 cells wired in parallel. AC source (generator) Circuit Diagram

31. Complete “Conductor or Insulator” then do “Principles of Electrical Circuits”

32. Warm-Up Draw circuits with the following components. 1 bulb, 1 cell 2 bulbs, 2 cells, switch 1 switch, resistor, alternating current

33. Back

36. Warm-Up What is the difference between an open and a closed circuit? Why are switches important in circuits? Why are circuit breakers important in circuits?

37. Review Circuit Lab

38. Circuit Circus Lab Answer all questions and draw diagrams in your composition notebook.

39. Continue working on your Circuit Circus Lab until you are finished.

40. Types of Circuits Draw Diagrams for two bulbs and two cells Closed Open Series Parallel – Put in a switch that will turn one light off but not the other.Parallel

41. Circuits - Series Current flows through one loop If remove a bulb, all go out Examples: flash lights and some holiday lights. back

42. Circuits - Parallel Contain two or more branches for current to flow through The voltage in each loop is equal. If remove bulb, others stay lit Houses contain these circuits.

43. Circuit Lab II Complete the Circuit Lab II.

44. Review Circuit Lab II Circuit Simulation

45. Study for Circuit Quiz

46. Ohm’s Law Explains the relationship between current flow and electron source

47. First… What is Current, Voltage, and Resistance Try it out… Battery Simulation

48. Voltage Provides source of energy for electron flow. Electrons will flow from High Voltage (negative) to Low Voltage (positive or less negative) Measured in Volts (V) Batteries or Generator (Outlet)

50. Current The flow of electrons through a wire or any conductor is called electric current. Measured in Amperes (A) Battery Simulation

51. AC/DC What is the difference? Faraday’s Simulation

52. Direct Current DC One-Way Flow Batteries

53. Alternating Current AC Two Way Flow Generators – from your outlet

54. Resistance Resistance opposes the flow of electrons. Measured in Ohms Resistance leads to energy transformations that make appliances work (Light Bulb, Oven Filament)

55. Resistance in Wires depends on thickness and length Return to Battery Simulation

56. Ohm’s Law EquationLaw V = I x R Voltage = Current x Resistance Volts = Amps x Ohms 1 Volt pulls 1 Amp through 1 Ohm

57. Working Problems with Ohm’s Law

58. Warm Up Any questions about Ohm’s Law problems that you did for homework?

59. Review Static Electricity Build up of a charge? –Friction –Induction –Conduction Series and Parallel characteristics Circuit diagrams Voltage, current, resistance Ohm’s Law problems

60. Magnetic Domains Groups of atoms with aligned magnetic poles

61. Inducing Magnetic Fields or Currents Running a current around an object realigns magnetic domains –Electromagnet, electric motors Running a magnet past an object forms a current –generator Simulations

62. Electromagnets Temporary magnet made by wrapping a current around a conductor

63. Electromagnets Electromagnet Lab Strengthened by: Increasing Number of Coils Increasing Core Increasing Amperage of Current

64. Producing Electricity with GeneratorsElectricity Generators Electromagnetic Induction – production of electricity by moving a loop of wire through a magnetic field Mechanical Energy to Magnetic Energy to Electrical Energy

65. Electric Motors Electrical Energy to Magnetic Energy to Mechanical Energy Opposite of a generator

66. Electric Motor Operation