1. Trauma and infections of skin

2. Trauma Physical injury caused by  PRESSURE  IMPACT  DISTORTION  OTHER MECHANICAL FORCE

3. Types of Trauma to skin Open wounds Closed wounds

4. Open wounds Abrasion: scrape, bleeding usually slight but area open to infection by microorganisms; clean thoroughly, watch for signs of infection

5. Incision: linear cuts from sharp objects; bleeding may be severe; flush wound and close with bandages or sutures

6. Laceration: jagged irregular tear produced by impact or irregular object; tissue damage may be extensive. Necessary to carefully realign opposite sides before suturing; prone to infection

7. Puncture: slender, pointed objects pierce skin; little bleeding; often ideal for infection, especially anaerobic bacteria, like tetanus

8. Avulsion: chunks of tissue torn away by brute force, car accident, explosion; bleeding considerable

9. viral Chicken pox/shingles ( herpes varicella- zoster)  small red macule changes to vesicle which dries, becomes crusty; same virus reactivated in adulthood; vesicle lesions along sensory nerves……very painful

10. viral Oral herpes (herpes simplex 1) and genital herpes (herpes simplex 2) vesicles form, heal but reappear when stressed, immune system down,

11. viral Warts: human papilloma viruses

12. bacterial Staph infections (staphylococccus aureus), (imetigo) scalded skin syndrome, (follicullitus) furuncle, carbuncle

13. Fungal infections Ringworm, athlete’s foot, jock itch; dry scaly lesions caused by tineaa

14. parasites Scabies: mite burrows and lays eggs in skin; entrance marked by tiny, scaly swellings that itch intensely

15. Pediculosis: lice