2. Public Housing - Improvement in Quality of Life
CONTENTS
Lesson 1
Public Housing - Improvement in Quality of Life
Public housing to provide affordable living
Public housing to meet population explosion
Public housing to meet changing society
The new generation of public housing in Hong Kong
Class activity
Debate on Housing Issues in Hong Kong
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life

3. Public housing to provide affordable living
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to provide affordable living

4. Public Housing provides affordable living places for the lower middle income portion of the population.
In Hong Kong. it is usually constructed by the Hong Kong Housing Authority for non-profit purposes and is rented in a subsidized price.
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to provide affordable living

5. a public housing estate in Hong Kong built in the 1970s.
Wah Fu Estate
a public housing estate in Hong Kong
built in the 1970s.
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to provide affordable living

6. Public Housing to meet population explosion
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet population explosion

7. What happened in the 1940s and 1950s?
1945
1949
1951
1953
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet population explosion

8. Cha Kwo Ling Village - a squatter settlement © Raymond Wong
How did people live in the 1950s?
Cha Kwo Ling Village - a squatter settlement © Raymond Wong
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet population explosion

9. What did the Government do to help these homeless and lower income
[Discussion]
What did the Government do to help these homeless and lower income
people?
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet population explosion

10. Formation of the Hong Kong Housing Authority
• Beginning in 1954, two government organizations — the Resettlement Department and the former Housing Authority — worked together on public housing projects for nearly 20 years.
• In 1973, a new Housing Authority and a unified Housing Department were established.
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet population explosion

11. Formation of the Hong Kong Housing Society
• The Hong Kong Housing Society is a non-government and non- profit housing organization
• It established in 1948 and incorporated by ‘Hong Kong Ordinance Chapter 1059’ in 1951.
• The Housing Society provides complementary housing through a number of its own innovative schemes.
• As a partner of the Government, the Housing Society builds self- contained homes for the people in need at non-prohibitive rates.
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet population explosion

12. Public Housing to meet changing society
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

13. Mark I Residential Block since 1954
H-shaped Mark I residential blocks
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

14. H-shaped Mark I Residential Block Floor Plan
© Hong Kong Housing Authority
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

15. Narrow corridor | Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet population explosion

16. Domestic unit accommodated a family of 5
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet population explosion

17. North Point Estate (demolished) © Hong Kong Housing Authority
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet population explosion

18. Mark II Residential Block since 1950s
Mark II residential blocks resemble the character ‘日’
Wang Tau Hom Estate, Wong Tai Sin
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet population explosion

19. H-shaped Mark II Residential Block Floor Plan
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet population explosion

20. Domestic unit Permeable wall tiles
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

21. Mark III Residential Block since 1960s
Tsz Wan Shan, Wong Tai Sin © Hong Kong Housing Authority
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

22. Mark IV Residential Block since 1960s
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

23. Tung Tau Estate Block 23, Wong Tai Sin © Hong Kong Housing Authority
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

24. Mark V Resettlement Block since 1960s
Sau Mau Ping (I) Estate © Hong Kong Housing Authority
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

25. Mark VI Resettlement Block since 1960s
Pak Tin Estate, Shek Kip Mei © Hong Kong Housing Authority
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

26. Twin-tower Residential Block in the 1970s
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

27. Mark VI Residential Block since 1960s
Countryard
Arcade
Bus Stop
Wah Fu Estate
• The buildings were built in slab-shaped and twin- tower residential block design.
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

28. [Discussion]
What were the historical events, or social and economic changes that triggered the evolution of public housing since 1954?
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - Public Housing to meet changing society

29. Public Housing in Hong Kong
New Generations of
Public Housing in Hong Kong
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

30. Linear arrangement of slab blocks in the 1980s
Arrangements for 2 slab blocks
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

31. Arrangements for 3 slab blocks
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

32. Single-loaded Corridor
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

33. Trident style
Trident style, three identical arms from one central lift core
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

34. Typical domestic unit model
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

35. Long Ping Estate, trident residential blocks
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

36. Harmony blocks in the 1990s
Harmony style, four identical arms from one central lift core
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

37. Kai Yip Estate, old cruciform residential blocks
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

38. Concord blocks in the 1990s Noise from traffic
Typical Concord cruciform
residential block floor plan
Single Aspect Block using Concord modular flats to allow buffer from noise source due to unit orientation
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

39. Typical domestic unit model
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

40. Concord residential block, Wo Ming Court
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

41. Site-specific style in the 2000s
The principles of modular flat and site-specific design for public
customization in public rental housing:
• making the best use of valuable land resources,
• substantive improvements to the built environment,
• buildability,
• cost effectiveness,
• user-friendliness,
• adopting findings from Resident Surveys
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

42. Modular design 1-2 person flat unit module 1-bedroom flat unit module
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

43. Project Brief Reception Estate for lower Ngau Tau Kok Estate (LNTK)
Specific flat mix requirement from LTNK tenants
Example: Redevelopment of Upper and Lower Ngau Tau Kok Estate
(Source: Hong Kong Housing Authority)
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

44. Micro-climate studies for the redevelopment of Upper Ngau Tau Kok Estate
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

45. Modular Flat Design for Upper and Lower Ngau Tau Kok Estate
Panel Wall
Modular Flat Design for
Upper and Lower Ngau Tau Kok Estate
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

46. [Discussion] The redeveloped Upper Ngau Tau Kok Estate:
1 Overall master planning
2 Outdoor open space
3 Universal design of flats for elderly
[Discussion]
What are the pros and cons of this Modular Flat Design?
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Lesson 1 - New Generations of Public Housing in Hong Kong

47. [Class activity: Debate on Housing Issues in Hong Kong]
Explain rationale and opinions of different stakeholders of housing issue in Hong Kong
Refer to the government policy on housing in the worksheet
Divide the class into four groups: Representatives of the Housing Authority, Tenants of the PRH flats, Applicants awaiting for the PRH flat allocation and Jury
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|
Class activity: Debate on Housing Issues in Hong Kong

48. Representatives of the Housing Authority
one representing an architect
two representing policy makers
| Conservation and revitalization of architecture |

49. Tenants of the PRH flats
one representing a low-income retired person
one representing a family with increasing household income
one representing a family that wish to own their home
| Conservation and revitalization of architecture |

50. Applicants awaiting for the PRH flat allocation
one representing a low-income retired person living in a cage home
one representing a family of 5 living in a sub-divided unit
one representing a person who wants to own his/her own flat but his/her income slightly exceeds the prescribed limit for PRH flat
| Conservation and revitalization of architecture |

51. Jury (the rest of the class)
commenting on their points of view from the three groups
of stakeholders
suggesting what public housing policy should be made
| Conservation and revitalization of architecture |

52. Summary
• The Housing Authority aims at providing affordable and pleasant housing to lower and middle income people.
• The idea of providing public housing started in the s due to a population boom.
• Over the past decades, living quality has been gradually improved in public housing through evolving design for residential blocks.
| Public Housing – Improvement in Quality of Life|