1. PO/EO: 214.13 REFS: ACP 125, CANSUPP 1B, RADIOTELEPHONE PROCEDURES USE VOICE PROCEDURE TO CHANGE FREQUENCIES AND USE RADIO SILENCE

2. MTPS: 1. Frequency changes; Definition and purpose of a nickname; Voice Procedure used; Electronic silence; Radio silence; Emergency silence; and Breaking radio silence

3. Review What are the tactical rules for VHF siting? Choose locations providing the best cover and concealment possible, consistent with good transmission and reception; All semi permanent installations must be camouflaged against both aerial and ground observation; Select both a primary and a secondary site. Amount of concealment will depend on the range required, power output, efficiency of antenna and type of terrain; When operating well under the maximum range of the set, sacrifice communications efficiency for better concealment from the enemy; and Avoid open crests of hills and mountains.

4. Frequency Changes Changing for Security Reasons: prearranged to fool enemy; organized by a higher formation (Bde, Corps, Division); the change should take place at a predetermined moment; no warning is to be given over the radio; and new information will be sent on the new frequencies.

5. Frequency Changes Changes for Technical or Tactical Reasons: This type of change is normally used because of deterioration of the net due to: atmospheric conditions; distance; or enemy interference. The change implies having a freq available which has been assigned a codeword; Only the control station can order a change in frequency; control should be satisfied that it is in contact with everybody before giving the order; and No station shall change before control gives the order.

7. Confirmation What are the types of frequency changes? Security and Technical or Tactical.

8. Nicknames Definition: A nickname consists of two separate words neither of which may be a colour. In no case may the second word be Route, Root or any other word that sounds the same.

9. Nicknames Uses and Purpose: Convenience in intercommunication: Reference to unclassified matters. Verbal instructions prior to a phase in operations. Target indication; and Reference to geographical locations. Nicknames must not be used to: indicate personalities; to identify units or formations; and to provide security cover in another way.

11. Confirmation What is the definition of a nickname? Two separate words, neither can be a colour or end in "root" or "route".

12. Electronic Silence Orders concerning electronic silence usually come from the HQ of a higher unit and are part of an overall plan and contain instructions which cover the following points: the duration or extent; nicknames to be used for an emergency silence; time when in effect; conditions in which and by whom silence can be broken or lifted; details for authentication if needed; and measures for a total or progressive lifting or breaking of silence.

13. Electronic Silence Electronic silence could affect one or more, or all of the following: all radio sets including relay systems; all radio nets; all electronic equipment; and all active infra-red systems.

15. Confirmation What should be included in an order for radio silence? duration; codewords to be used for an emergency silence; time when in effect; conditions in which and by whom silence can be broken or lifted; details for authentication if needed; and measure for a total or progressive lifting or breaking of silence.

16. Radio Silence Radio silence can be imposed by the commander of the unit or sub-unit net for which he is responsible; Radio silence is imposed for technical or tactical reasons; Authentication can be demanded by a senior station over the radio; Silence can be imposed, lifted or broken by using codewords; All stations can break radio silence, as laid down in unit SOPs; and Radio silence may be imposed/lifted or broken by use of a nickname

17. Radio Silence Procedure for imposing/lifting/breaking radio silence: 11 This is 11A TOP HAT - Over 11 TOP HAT - Over 11A Two en in front of barn - Over 11 Roger Out. Lifting radio silence: All Stations 1. This is 1 TIC TAC - Over. 1A - TIC TAC - Over 11 - TIC TAC - Over 12 - TIC TAC - Over 13 - TIC TAC - Over 1- TIC TAC - Execution - Out.

19. Confirmation Radio silence can be imposed by a nickname. TRUE/FALSE? TRUE Who can impose radio silence? The Comd of the unit or sub-unit net for which he is responsible.

20. Emergency Silence The message imposing emergency silence is sent twice and is followed by the proword "OUT". The receiving stations do not respond to a silence order. Once the prowords "silence, silence, silence" are announced, this signifies the ceasing of all transmission on that net, and to maintain the silence until it is lifted. Only the proper authority can impose or lift an emergency silence.

21. Emergency Silence Imposing emergency radio silence: All Stations 1 - this is 1, Silence, silence, silence. 12 Authenticate - ALPHA, KILO 1, I Authenticate Romeo 12 Roger Out. Lifting emergency radio silence: All Stations 1 - this is 1 - radio silence lifted 12 authenticate Bravo Juliette 1, I Authenticate Zulu 12 Roger Out.

23. Confirmation What does the proword silence, silence, silence mean? Cease all transmissions on net.

24. Breaking Radio Silence Radio silence can be broken under the following conditions: on enemy contact; when crossing line of departure or a report line; at a predetermined time; and upon the issue of the proper codewords. 12 this is 12A, Broken Bridge, two enemy tanks are entering the woods, Over: 12 Roger Out.

26. Confirmation When can radio silence be broken? on enemy contact; when crossing line of departure or a report line; at a predetermined time; and upon the issue of the proper codeword.

28. Final Confirmation... What action do you use on failing to make contact after a frequency change? Command will have a substation return to old frequency and call substation that missed the call. What is a nickname used for? changing frequency; closing down; impose, break and lift radio silence; and rebroadcasting a net.

29. Final Confirmation Who is responsible for imposing electronic silence? HQ of a higher unit. Who can impose emergency silence? Only by proper authority, usually the senior station.