1. Democracy Develops in England

2. Main Idea: England began to develop democratic institutions that limited the power of the monarchy.
Why It Matters Now: Democratic traditions developed in England have influenced many countries, including the United States.
Terms and Names: common law, Magna Carta, due process of law, Parliament, divine right, Glorious Revolution, constitutional monarchy, bill of rights

3. “Tyrant, murderer and PUBLIC ENEMY!”
Who is this man coming to haunt World Studies 9?

5. No, it’s not who you think….
Who are these men? Which one was the Public Enemy?

6. Charles I “Public Enemy”
Petition of Right
Signed, then ignored commitments
Dissolved Parliament in 1629 and refused to reconvene it (have it meet again)
Parliament passed laws to limit his rule
LOST the English Civil War v. Oliver Cromwell and Antiroyalists (Royalists v. Antiroyalists)
Executed in 1649 (declared “public enemy”)

7. King Charles I
Controversy over Petition of Right
Signed, then ignored commitments
Dissolved Parliament in 1629 and refused to reconvene it (have it meet again)
Fought and LOST the English Civil War v. Oliver Cromwell and Antiroyalists
2 Sides: Royalists v. Antiroyalists
Charles I executed in 1649 (declared “public enemy”)

8. The English Civil War
In 1642, the Royalists held western and northern England, and the Antiroyalists (Parliamentarians) occupied a large area of eastern England.
By 1651, after many battles, the Antiroyalists (Parliamentarians) had won control of England and quashed uprisings in Scotland and Ireland.

9. Oliver Cromwell: Leader of the Antiroyalists

10. Oliver Cromwell “Lord Protector”
Puritan Leader of the _______________
During the __________________ Civil War of 1642.
The Antiroyalists were _________________
(victorious / defeated) by the end of the war.
-Cromwell named himself LORD PROTECTOR (just like King Charles I who was executed in 1649).
-Cromwell died in1658 after having established the Commonwealth of England, dissolving Parliament and angering many British citizens.

11. III. Establishment of Constitutional Monarchy
Cromwell ruled until death in 1658
1660 – Charles II takes throne (Restoration)
Parliament kept powers
1685 – King James II, Roman Catholic
Parliament offered throne to Protestant daughter, Mary and William of Orange
1689 – Glorious Revolution
Constitutional monarchy
Bill of Rights

12. In Class Writing Assessment: How did England transition from an absolute to a constitutional monarchy?
Instructions:
You will 5 minutes to brainstorm in groups
(all resources allowed)
2. You will have 15 minutes to write indivdiually to answer the question.
3. Resource: You may use 1 page of Cornell notes OR other class notes while you write.
4. Try your best! Write a topic sentence and write your ideas clearly. Take a deep breath.

13. I. Reforms in Medieval England
Juries and Common Law
King John II – 1215 Magna Carta, nobles wanted political rights
Taxes, due process of law
1295 – called nobles and leading citizens, voted on taxes
House of Lords and House of Commons

14. Questions: Why did the nobles want King John to sign the Magna Carta?
What are the two branches of Parliament and who can participate in them?

15. Questions: Why did James I and Charles I need Parliament?
What was each side fighting for in the English Civil War?
Imagine you live in England in You have just heard that King Charles I has been executed. What does it make you think about?

16. II. Parliament Grows Stronger
Par. had power over $ and passed laws
King James I – divine right, clashed w/ Parliament (religion, $)
1625 – son Charles I
Petition of Right
Parliament dismissed
1642 – English Civil War
Royalists vs. Parliament
Puritan Oliver Cromwell won, Charles I executed in 1649

17. Questions: Why was Charles II asked back to the throne?
Why did the British people not want James II to remain king?
What advances towards democracy were made under William and Mary?

18. Magna Carta Excerpts
39. No freeman shall be taken or imprisoned…or exiled or in any way destroyed, nor will we [the king] go upon him nor send upon him, except by the lawful judgement of his peers or by the law of the land.

19. Magna Carta Excerpts
40. To no one will we sell, to no one will we refuse or delay, right or justice.
45. We will appoint as justices, constables, sheriffs, or bailiffs only such as knkow the law of the realm and mean to observe it well.