1. Anti-Semitic Images in Nazi Germany How genocide was possible

2. Reminder… IntentionalistFunctionalist

3. A British cartoon illustrating popular feeling about the notorious conditions in the sweat shops of the East End Stephen Aris The Jew is Business Jonathon Cape 1970

4. Steps to Genocide Identify the stereotype Dissociate the stereotype from anything positive Associate the stereotype with negative ideas Escalate the seriousness of the negative associations

5. Identification of the Jew 1

6. The Jew’s Nose is bent at the tip, it looks like the figure 6” Illustration from children’s book ‘The Poisonous Toadstool’

7. A beer mat with the slogan: “Whoever buys from a Jew is a traitor to his people” Martin Gilbert The Holocaust, 1987

8. Having a universal stereotype means you have a universal threat

9. Dissociation of the stereotype from everything Aryan 2

11. Association with undesirable elements, for example…. 3

12. The Jewish Octopus

13. Punch cartoon in the 1840s of a Jewish hawker. The Jew wearing several hats at once was a stock image and was often used in cartoon portrayals of prominent Jews like Disraeli. The power of such images is shown in the fact that Fagin in Oliver Twist was portrayed as the archetypal scheming Jew.

14. Escalate the severity of negative associations 4

15. … A threat to children

16. … Jews are immoral From physical differences, it is an easy jump to more important differences. The thoughts, feelings, and actions of the Jew are presented as a contradiction and threat to German morality

17. Inge's Visit to a Jewish DoctorInge's Visit to a Jewish Doctor : "Two criminal eyes flashed behind the glasses and the fat lips grinned." … A threat to young women

18. “The Goy’s (Christian’s) temple is our toilet” Little Man, What Now? Dennis Schowalter Archon Books 1982

19. How Jews Torment AnimalsHow Jews Torment Animals : "The animal fell once more to the ground. Slowly it died. The Jews stood around and laughed."* …. They practise ritual slaughter

20. “So what if the SPCA is against vivisection – what do we have gentiles for?”

21. “They bound and gagged the girl, lured her into the woods, and drank her blood from her opened veins” Little Man, What Now? Dennis Schowalter Archon Books 1982

22. Its not much of an imaginative leap from social outcast to parasite on society…

24. “When the vermin are dead, the German oak will flourish again” Little Man, What Now? Dennis Schowalter Archon Books 1982

25. “We want…to work on people…until they realise…that what is happening in Germany not only must be accepted, but can be accepted” Joseph Goebbels

26. The picture showing the expulsion of Jewish students and teachers from German schools depicts what was required by the law of 1933 according to which, Jewish civil servants, such as teachers, had to be pensioned off and the numberof Jewish students in a school limited to 1.5%. The last illustration points to the intended Nazi solution of the Jewish problem: the expulsion of all Jews from Germany. The sign, followed by a long line of Jewish figures from previous illustrations, reads "one-way street, hurry, hurry" and as a justification for this measure taken against the Jewish population, the second line reads "The Jews are our misfortune." The word "hurry" and the sentence "The Jews are our misfortune." appear in red, thereby stressing the grave danger that Jews pose to the well being of German society and the urgency with which they must be removed from Germany.