1. Forests and Fisheries Managed Renewable Resources

2. Trees as a Natural Resource Trees and other plants produce oxygen that organisms need to survive. Trees and other plants produce oxygen that organisms need to survive. They absorb CO2 and many pollutants from the air. They absorb CO2 and many pollutants from the air. Trees help prevent flooding and control soil erosion. Trees help prevent flooding and control soil erosion. Roots absorb rainwater and hold soil together. Roots absorb rainwater and hold soil together.

3. Forestry in US There are about 300 million hectares of forest in the US There are about 300 million hectares of forest in the US Nearly 1/3 of the Nation’s land area Nearly 1/3 of the Nation’s land area Forest industries provide jobs for more than 1.5 million people Forest industries provide jobs for more than 1.5 million people

4. Forests as a Resource New trees can be planted to replace trees that are cut down, forest can be renewable resources. New trees can be planted to replace trees that are cut down, forest can be renewable resources.

5. Logging Methods Clear-cutting is the process of cutting down all the trees in an area at once. Clear-cutting is the process of cutting down all the trees in an area at once. Cutting down only some trees in a forest and leaving a mix of tree sizes and species behind is called selective cutting. Cutting down only some trees in a forest and leaving a mix of tree sizes and species behind is called selective cutting.

6. Advantages of Logging Clear-cutting Clear-cutting Quicker and Cheaper Quicker and Cheaper Safer for loggers Safer for loggers Selective Cutting Selective Cutting Less damaging to the environment Less damaging to the environment

7. Sustainable Forestry A sustainable yield is an amount of a renewable resource such as trees that can be harvested regularly without reducing the future supply. A sustainable yield is an amount of a renewable resource such as trees that can be harvested regularly without reducing the future supply. Example: Example: Planting a tree when you harvest one. Planting a tree when you harvest one. Log small patches of forest, different sections of forest can be harvested every year. Log small patches of forest, different sections of forest can be harvested every year.

8. Certified Wood Forest Stewardship Council is an international organization dedicated to sustainable forest management. Forest Stewardship Council is an international organization dedicated to sustainable forest management. Oversees certification of forests that are well managed and that provide good working conditions for their employees. Oversees certification of forests that are well managed and that provide good working conditions for their employees. Once forest is certified its wood may carry a “well- managed” label. Once forest is certified its wood may carry a “well- managed” label.

9. Fisheries Managed for a sustainable yield

10. Fisheries An area with a large population of valuable ocean organisms is called a fishery. An area with a large population of valuable ocean organisms is called a fishery. Until recently, fisheries seemed to have unlimited resources. Until recently, fisheries seemed to have unlimited resources. Fish were caught faster than they could breed, so the population decreased. This is known as overfishing. Fish were caught faster than they could breed, so the population decreased. This is known as overfishing.

11. Managing Fisheries Managing fisheries for a sustainable yield includes strategies such as setting fishing limited, changing fishing methods, developing aquaculture techniques, and finding new resources. Managing fisheries for a sustainable yield includes strategies such as setting fishing limited, changing fishing methods, developing aquaculture techniques, and finding new resources.

12. Fishing Limits Laws can ban the fishing of certain species. Laws can ban the fishing of certain species. Laws can also limit the number or size of fish that can be caught Laws can also limit the number or size of fish that can be caught These laws ensure that all of the largest adult fish aren’t caught and that young fish survive long enough to reproduce. These laws ensure that all of the largest adult fish aren’t caught and that young fish survive long enough to reproduce.

13. Fishing Methods Many fishing crews use nets with a larger mesh size that allow small, young fish to escape. Many fishing crews use nets with a larger mesh size that allow small, young fish to escape. Some harmful fishing methods have been outlawed. Some harmful fishing methods have been outlawed. Poisoning fish with cyanide Poisoning fish with cyanide Stunning them with exploding dynamite under water Stunning them with exploding dynamite under water

14. Aquaculture The practice of raising fish and other water- dwelling organisms for food is aquaculture. The practice of raising fish and other water- dwelling organisms for food is aquaculture. Salmon, catfish and shrimp are farmed this way in the U.S. Salmon, catfish and shrimp are farmed this way in the U.S.

15. New Resources Today about 9,000 different fish species are harvested for food. Today about 9,000 different fish species are harvested for food. More than half the animal protein eaten by people throughout the world comes from fish. More than half the animal protein eaten by people throughout the world comes from fish. Scientists and chefs are working together to introduce people to deep-water species (monkfish and tile fish) as well as easy-to-farm freshwater fish (tilapia). Scientists and chefs are working together to introduce people to deep-water species (monkfish and tile fish) as well as easy-to-farm freshwater fish (tilapia).

16. Understanding Check 1.What is a sustainable yield of a natural resource like trees? 2.Should the government buy only certified wood for construction projects? Why?