1. By Andrew Newbound © Andrew Newbound 2013

2. Romulus was a son of the god Mars and the priestess Rhea Silvia, a direct descendant of Aeneas. He had a twin brother Remus. Their wicked uncle, who had seized the throne from Rhea Silvia’s father, ordered them to be thrown into the river Tiber, but their basket floated and brought them safely ashore. There a wolf found them and suckled them. Some time later a shepherd discovered them and took them to his home. When they grew up, they killed their uncle. They decided to build a new city. When Romulus started to build the walls, Remus laughed at their size. Romulus was so annoyed that he killed his brother. So Rome was named after Romulus and was founded on bloodshed. It was founded in 753 BC, which the Romans believed was year one. Instead of AD or BC they wrote AUC after the year, which stood for ab urbe condita, meaning ‘from the founding of the city’. © Andrew Newbound 2013

4. Roman Republic Roman Empire Western Empire Eastern Empire Inherited from the Byzantine Empire © Andrew Newbound 2013

5. Alphabet (From Greek, to Etruscan and Finally to The Romans) City Living Building The Arch Walls Aqueducts © Andrew Newbound 2013

6. Auxiliary – Additional troops provided by allies to the Roman Army Centurion – The commander of a group of 80 legionaries Legionary – Highly trained foot soldier © Andrew Newbound 2013

7. 1. Long march 2. Build camp for night 3. Rest (Night) 4. Woken up by trumpet 5. Pack up camp 6. Depart 7. Ready for war © Andrew Newbound 2013

8. 1. Wake Up 2. Get Dressed 3. Get to work (Go to toilet) 4. At Work 5. Go to toilets 6. Socialize at the baths © Andrew Newbound 2013

9. Leisure Circus (Races) Amphitheatre (Theater) © Andrew Newbound 2013

10. What did the Romans do for us? © Andrew Newbound 2013

11. Supplied water to Rome Romans believed polluted water harmed health Maintained Gradient (1 in 50 – 1 in 1000) Some on high arch brides Others underground to keep clean © Andrew Newbound 2013

12. Used to go over large canyons etc. Receiving tank must be lover than stating tank © Andrew Newbound 2013

13. Heated Water from aqueducts Social Places Marble Double glazed glass © Andrew Newbound 2013

14. Take the most direct route 370 of them Total of 50,000 miles © Andrew Newbound 2013

15. Aggregate – Pumice Cement Lighter than today’s © Andrew Newbound 2013

16. The Romans could build piers to support bridge arches in the beds of rivers. An enclosure was made with two concentric circles of wooden piles. Then clay was used between the piles and the water in the middle was pumped out. The soft river bed was dug out and the concrete pier built. © Andrew Newbound 2013

17. The Romans didn’t invent the arch but they realized how strong it was. Large stones shaped like wedges were built up on either side around a wooden keystone until the final frame was locked into place at the top. © Andrew Newbound 2013

18. Technology: The invention of concrete, roman roads, roman arches, aqueducts Medicine: Public health programs including welfare programs for the poor Language: Roman language (Latin), the root of many languages Religion: Roman mythology and the Catholic faith, Roman Law, including the law that states a person is innocent until proven guilty (from the Twelve Tables) © Andrew Newbound 2013

19. Living History What the Ancients Knew The Romans – The Rise and fall of an empire Life in Ancient Rome © Andrew Newbound 2013