1. Objective: To examine how industrialization impacted life in the U.S. Essential Question: How did industrialization transform life in late 19th and early 20th century America? Urbanization of Dubai, United Arab Emirates

2. Part I: Demographic Change

3. Demographic Changes Population Distribution by Age, Race, Nativity, and Sex Ratio, 1860–2005 The table lists the U.S. population from 1860 to 2005 according to age, race, sex, and nativity.. Race and nativity AgeWhite 1 YearTotalUnder 55–1920–4445–64 65 and overTotal Native born Foreign bornBlack Other races 1 Percent distribution 1860 2 100.0%15.4%35.8%35.7%10.4%2.7%85.6%72.6%13.0%14.1%0.3% 1870 2 100.014.335.4 11.93.087.172.914.212.70.2 1880 2 100.013.834.335.912.63.486.573.413.1 0.3 1890 3 100.012.233.936.913.13.987.573.014.511.90.3 1900100.012.132.337.713.74.187.974.513.411.60.5 1910100.011.630.439.014.64.388.974.414.510.70.4 1920100.010.929.838.416.14.789.776.713.09.90.4 1930100.09.329.538.317.45.489.878.411.49.70.5 1940100.08.026.438.919.86.889.881.18.79.80.4 1950100.010.723.237.620.38.189.582.86.710.00.5 1960100.011.327.132.220.19.288.683.45.210.50.9 1970 2 100.08.429.531.720.69.887.683.44.311.11.4 1980100.07.224.837.119.611.383.1——11.75.2 1990100.07.621.340.118.612.583.9——12.33.8 2000100.06.821.837.022.012.475.1 4 ——12.3 4 10.1 5 2005 6 100.06.820.735.424.612.480.2——12.8 4 7.0 5

4. · Immigrants came to northern cities looking for work. New York City population, total and by borough, from 1790 to 2000. Figures in millions. Key: New York City The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island

6. African-Americans came to northern cities from the South looking for work and to escape racism. This became known as the Great Migration. In "the Promised Land" of Chicago, many black migrants still had to join picket lines to fight for fair wages. Some companies discriminated by placing restrictions upon the promotion and advancement of black workers, frequently preventing them from earning higher wages. Chicago, Illinois, July 1941

7. Picket line at the Mid-City Realty Company, Chicago, Illinois, July 1941 John Vachon, Photographer

10. Part II: Urbanization

11. Cities Grow: Population Shift from Rural to Urban 1920 – 1/2 of Americans lived in cities Factory jobs sparked an increase in the growth of cities after the Civil War. Ex.) 1890 – 1/3 of Americans lived in cities Population: 298,977 Chicago 1870Chicago 1920 Population: 2,701,705

13. City Life Poor families struggled to survive in crowded slums living in tenements. Hine, Lewis W. NYC tenement 1910 Tenements were overcrowded, dirty and oftentimes had no windows, heat, or indoor bathrooms.

15. Jacob Riis, 1889 “Lodgers in a Bayard Street Tenement, Five Cents a Spot"

16. Bunks in a seven-cent lodging-house, Pell Street

17. Ethnic and Class Groupings in Milwaukee, 1850-1890 Turn and Talk What does this map show you? What generalizations can be made from this map? What evidence supports that statement? Why do you think people settled in Milwaukee in this manner? What advantages might ethnic neighborhoods have provided their residents? What might have been some disadvantages of living in ethnic enclaves? Record your findings on your map.

18. Part III: Increasing Rate of Technological Inventions PersonInventionDate James WattFirst reliable Steam Engine1775 Eli WhitneyCotton Gin, Interchangeable parts for muskets 1793, 1798 Robert FultonRegular Steamboat service on the Hudson River 1807 Samuel F. B. MorseTelegraph1836 Elias HoweSewing Machine1844 Isaac SingerImproves and markets Howe's Sewing Machine 1851 Cyrus FieldTransatlantic Cable1866 Alexander Graham Bell Telephone1876 Thomas EdisonPhonograph, Incandescent Light Bulb1877, 1879 Nikola TeslaInduction Electric Motor1888 Rudolf DieselDiesel Engine1892 Orville and Wilbur Wright First Airplane1903 Henry FordModel T Ford, Assembly Line1908, 1913 Turn and Talk With your partner, look at the dates for each invention. What do you notice? Select 5 of the inventions and hypothesize the possible implications (significance) for each selection.

19. Part IV: Environmental Impact Pollution Deforestation Depletion of Natural Resources Do Now: ACT Timed Reading. Highlight the portion of the reading that contains the information that lead to your answer choices.

20. Answers for Timed Reading (ACT PREP) 1. c 2. d 3. b 4. a 5. c 6. b 7. b 8. d

21. Collage How geography, technology, people, and government caused the growth of industrial and urban America. OR How industrialization transformed life in late 19th and early 20th century America.

22. Part V: Social Problems

23. “There is no mistaking it: we are in Jewtown. It is said that nowhere in the world are so many people crowded together on a square mile as here….yet the sign “To Let" is the rarest of all….Here is one (building) seven stories high. The sanitary policeman whose beat this is will tell you that it contains thirty-six families, but the term has a widely different meaning here….In this house, where a case of small-pox was reported, there were fifty-eight babies and thirty-eight children that were over five years of age. In Essex Street two small rooms in a six-story tenement were made to hold a "family" of father and mother, twelve children, and six boarders….These are samples of the packing of the population that has run up the record here to the rate of three hundred and thirty thousand per square mile.” – Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives, 1890 Source: http://www.yale.edu/amstud/inforev/riis/chap10.htmlhttp://www.yale.edu/amstud/inforev/riis/chap10.html

25. “Dumbell” Tenement

26. Jacob Riis – Men’s Lodging Room in the West 47 th Street Station – c. 1892

27. The "Montgomery Guards" gang at the West 37 th Street dock

28. Street cleaning, Fourth Street Garbage collection and street cleaning began regularly. Reform