1. Recognizing the Conjugation of a Verb with One Simple Trick!

2. There is an internal logic to Latin that is often, though not always, better developed than that of English.

3. Recognizing the Conjugation of a Verb with One Simple Trick! There is an internal logic to Latin that is often, though not always, better developed than that of English. Part of learning Latin involves turning a keen eye to the grammar, to try to detect patterns before we officially describe them in class!

4. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum

5. 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative

6. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive)

7. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative

8. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative Supine form (perfect participle)

9. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative Supine form (perfect participle)

10. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative Supine form (perfect participle)

11. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative Supine form (perfect participle)

12. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative Supine form (perfect participle)

13. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative Supine form (perfect participle)

14. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative Supine form (perfect participle)

15. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative Supine form (perfect participle)

16. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative Supine form (perfect participle)

17. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative Supine form (perfect participle)

18. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum 1 st person singular Present tense Active indicative The infinitive (the present active infinitive) 1 st person singular Perfect tense Active indicative Supine form (perfect participle)

19. The first part usually ends in -ō The second part usually ends in -re The third part usually ends in -ī The fourth part usually ends in -um (“us” in some textbooks but you’ll see in Latin II why it doesn’t matter) labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum vēndō, vēndere, vēndidī, vēnditum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum

20. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum

21. labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātum portō, portāre, portāvī, portātum vocō, vocāre, vocāvī, vocātum All these are 1st conjugation All their infinitives end in “āre”

22. videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum

23. videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum sedeō, sedēre, sēdi, sessum respondeō, respondēre, respondī, respōnsum All these are 2 nd conjugation All their infinitives end in “ēre”

24. agō, agere, ēgī, āctum

25. agō, agere, ēgī, āctum surgō, surgere, surrēxī, surrēctum quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītum All these are 3 rd conjugation All their infinitives end in “ere”

26. veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum

27. veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum dormiō, dormīre, dormīvī, dormītum All these are 4 th conjugation All their infinitives end in “īre”

28. What’s my process of detection? āre It’s 1 st conjugation! ēre It’s 2 nd conjugation! ere It’s 3 rd conjugation! īre It’s 4 th conjugation! Go to the infinitive, look at the vowel right before the “re”

29. What’s my process of detection? āre It’s 1 st conjugation! ēre It’s 2 nd conjugation! ere It’s 3 rd conjugation! īre It’s 4 th conjugation! Other Go to the infinitive, look at the vowel right before the “re” There are irregulars like “sum, esse” or “eō, īre,” so you need to know your vocab list!

30. You tell me! superō, superāre, superāvī, superātum prōcēdō, prōcēdere, prōcessī, prōcessum taceō, tacēre, tacuī, tacitum custōdiō, custōdīre, custōdīvī, custōdītum mittō, mittere, mīsī, missum

31. You tell me! superō, superāre, superāvī, superātum prōcēdō, prōcēdere, prōcessī, prōcessum taceō, tacēre, tacuī, tacitum custōdiō, custōdīre, custōdīvī, custōdītum mittō, mittere, mīsī, missum 1 st 3 rd 2 nd 4 th 3rd

32. Why do the long marks matter?

33. Why does spelling matter in English? “bear” v. “bare” Exact same letters, different order. “He bears his sorrows; he is bearing his sorrows; he bore his sorrows; he has borne his sorrows.” “He bares his teeth; he is baring his teeth; he bared his teeth; he has bared his teeth.”

34. Why do the long marks matter? videō, vidēre vidēbō- “I will see” mittō, mittere mittam- “I will send”

35. Why do the long marks matter? videō, vidēre vidēbō- “I will see” mittō, mittere mittam- “I will send” Second and third conjugation follow slightly different rules for future tense!

36. Why do the long marks matter? videō, vidēre vidēbō- “I will see” mittō, mittere mittam- “I will send” If you know each verb’s conjugation, you won’t mistake “mittam” for an accusative noun.