1. Carbon Emission Reduction Strategy Analysis Using Geographic Information System Dr. John P Deevairakkam TenneT

2. Overview GHG Emission – Global and Australia Status Objectives of this Study Importance GIS Role in GHG emission Examples - Power Stations and GHG hotspot Analysis - Household Emission - Transportation Emission GIS based example for Emission monitoring GIS based Framework for Emission Reduction Strategies Conclusions and Recommendations

3. Overview of Global Emission Source: Nature Geo Science, http://co2now.org and PNAS Emissions Goes to Major GHG Emissions due to human activities

4. Global View – Australia’s Position in Emission Source CBC, EPA and WB CO2 Emissions (metric tons per capita)

5. Australia’s Emission Projections Sources Mt CO2-e DCCEF

6. Green House Gas Emission Objectives To develop a GIS based green house gas (GHG) emission assessment methods for major GHG sources Formulate a GIS based framework for emission reduction strategies

7. Importance of this Study Infrastructure Planning Vs GHG Emission Strategies e.g. Perth’s population is expected to grow by 2.7 million in 2031

8. Scope of this Study Energy Sector Green House Gas Emission - GHG emission by Power plant Transportation Network Green House Gas Emission - e.g. Road network Building / Parcel CO2 Emission - Due to Electricity Consumption

9. Methodology Adopted in GIS Build an appropriate theme Select a suitable method to estimate GHG emission Build a GIS database Analyse the data Derive and interpret the results

10. Power Plants Hotspots Area for CO2 Emission Getis-Ord Gi* statistic Statistically significant hot spotsPoints aggregated to polygons for this analysis

11. Transportation Network Green House Gas Emission Example from Road Network Puliafito (2004) formula E = N × e × l Where E (g/unit time) - the total emission in the time considered, N - the number of average circulating vehicles in the period, e - the specific average emission factor measured in g/km per vehicles, l – the mean travelled distance in km.

12. Transportation Network Green House Gas Emission Emission Monitoring can help to plan, develop and deliver appropriate emission reduction strategies

13. Cadastre Parcel - CO2 Emission Average residential energy usage per household Y = (Q * EF) /1000 where: Y - Emissions measured in CO2-e tonnes. Q - Quantity of electricity purchased (kilowatt hours). EF - Emission factor

14. Electricity Consumption and CO2 Emission

15. Parcel /Building’s GHG Emission

16. Monitoring GHG Emission Example : Power Station GHG emissions will rise over the next decade

17. Importance of the Emission Assessment Monitoring the GHG emission of both the sources and end users can help to device appropriate emission reduction strategies Infrastructure development and GHG emission - Evaluate the balance between new developments and effectiveness of GHG emission strategies Simulate the scenario before the development and evaluate the GHG emission and reduction strategies to adopt Transportation emission analysis - Transport sector planning - Help to conserve energy and reduce emissions.

18. GIS based Framework for Emission Reduction Strategies Determine the current status of greenhouse gas emissions using GIS Determine the current status of greenhouse gas emissions using GIS Develop/Implement greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies Monitor the change in greenhouse gas emissions over the period of time Evaluate the greenhouse gas emission reduction targets Satisfactory Emission level /Achieved the emission target Not achieved the target Review the policies and reduction strategies Implement the policies and Strategies Review the results Not Satisfactory Emission level

19. Conclusions and Recommendations GIS can help with - GHG emission estimation of major sources - Analyse the emission trend over the period of time Develop a GIS based framework for GHG emission reduction strategies Help to refine the optimal emission reduction strategies and their impacts. USGS

20. Importance of GIS Framework Does this study replace the existing GHG assessment methods and strategies? No, complements it Especially in producing results for easy visualisation /interpretation Formulate and monitor the emission reduction strategies

21. Thank You Questions Please Picture Source : Relevant WWW GHG emission – During production cycle of Clean energy Products How long it needs to run to clear its own GHG emission produced during the production and maintenance? How long the Global/Earth system can handle this emission? Can GIS help for Global Studies?