1. Μυκηναϊκή Ελλάδα και η Μινωική Κρήτη Mycenaean Greece and Minoan Crete

2. Minoan Crete

3. Mycenae

4. Time Period Minoa – C. 2000-1400 BCE Mycenae – C. 1600-1100 BCE

5. Society – How did it emerge? » Migrated from the Near East. Settled on colonies around the island and parts of the Greek mainland. – How was it organized? » Kings, warriors, artisans and scribes, and farmers and slaves – What things were valued? » Traded wine and olive oil – What social policies were in place? – What did people do for work? For leisure? » Many people were fisherman due to the island location and there were farmers needed to grow grain and orchards for wine. Also, there was the class of artisans that mostly specialized in metallurgy. Scribes were educated and kept close records of everything that went on in the kingdom. For leisure time, it’s possible they participated in acrobatics but not much is known about leisure activities. – How were women treated? » They were depicted in frescoes in vibrant clothing, engaged in watching an event or ritual

6. Politics – Who held power? » Kings held a centralized government that promoted monumental building including palaces, citadels and large walls. They were buried in shaft graves with valuable belongings including gold, weapons and jewelry. – What made the ruler a legitimate ruler? » They acquired wealth, authority, and the capacity to mobilize human labor. The bureaucracy kept records of people, animals, and objects in great detail showing that they had a high degree of control over the economy. The elite were also the only ones who owned metals such as bronze or gold. – What was the political structure? » The King, his family, his scribes, servants and workers lived in the palace with aristocrat dwelling outside the palace wall. Farmers and peasants lived scattered farther out in the countryside.

7. Religion » They had large statues of fertility goddesses that were paired with serpents. They had many mythical creatures including the Minotaur and the Cyclopses.

8. Economy Development of metalworking and use of bronze= manufacture of durable weapons Economy based on agrarian production (agriculture), trade, and artisanship. Agrarian – cereals, legumes, vine and olive trees, breeding sheep, goat, and cattle for meat and textile. Need for raw manufacturing materials = marine trade begins Build bridge to connect island with mainland. Used canoes and rowing boats to transport goods. Minoan Crete and Cyclades trade peacefully Crete fall and Cyclades continue trade with Mycenaean Greece Specialized productive activities (pottery, stone carving, marble- sculpture) created professions

9. Technology Metallurgy – turning metals (copper, lead, silver) into jewelry, tools, weapons, etc. Tools made of metal, stone, bronze and antlers used for building, farming, hunting, etc. Indoor plumbing Carpentry – furniture and ship building… ships important in trade and communication Streets, cartography (maps), crane, gears, spiral staircase, crossbow, potter’s wheel

10. Intellectual Endeavors Administrative authority and skilled craftsmen and merchants = educated Created pottery, frescoes, seals, figurines, jewelry, etc. Ceramic production – very popular. Painted pictures of many different scenes Marble sculptures of important people of the time (kings,gods)

11. Important People Minoa – King Minos Minotaur Mycenae – King Agamemnon Iliad & Odyssey

12. Terms Shaft graves Linear B Homer

13. Big Picture Used Bronze like the Shang! Gridded streets and sewer system like the Indus River Valley Changes – Shifted from the Minoans to Mycenaeans Continuity – Religion – Palace Government