1.  1930s Swing and Big Band

2. Things we’ll be looking at today… The Great Depression as background Dichotomy between rural and urban culture Impact of Harlem Renaissance on music and culture of African Americans Development of the Big Band

3.  The Great Depression  Caused great migration within the U.S.  Urban unemployed moved to rural areas for farming  Rural farmers move to the West Coast for jobs

4.  Urban vs. Rural Urban life represents complex or “blurry” existence “Authentic” or real rural experience

5.   City culture vs Country culture  big split in Anglo Amer identity since 18 th century and to this day  Dichotomy or split between the two has been portrayed in values across music, lyrics, and marketing of products Dichotomy

6.  The Harlem Renaissance  Gravity of Great Depression forces people to turn “inward” towards their own communities  African Americans begin to demonstrate their own cultural importance with music, art, literature

7.  The Harlem Renaissance  The mix of rural and urban black folk shows up in different forms  Poems by Langston Hughes  Lyrics and music begin to show this cultural mix  1930s takes all this to the next level

8.  The Radio…  Begins to connect people from all over country culturally  Black musicians and performers are starting to get known across the whole country

9.  What were white people listening to on the radio…  This was the voice that white mainstream audiences were listening to in the 1930s  Fred Astaire- a singer, dancer, actor, all around performer  "The way you look tonight" "The way you look tonight"

10.   African American bands of Bennie Moten (with Count Basie on Piano) begin to play “Kansas City Style” swing  Fletcher Henderson, Duke Ellington, Cab Calloway develop Big Band style swing in New York’s Cotton Club in Harlem  Improvisation (spontaneous) performing was usually planned ahead  Louis Armstrong and later Benny Goodman use “improv” as compositional expression of music Big Band Origins

11. Bennie Moten’s Kansas City Orchestra 1927 (8 members)

12. Count Basie Orchestra 1935 (19 + members) "One O'Clock Jump"

13. Duke Ellington Orchestra "It Don't Mean a Thing..."

14. Cab Calloway "Minnie the Moocher" from the Cotton Club Movie "Some of these days"

15. Louis Armstrong "Dinah"

16. Ella Fitzgerald "I'll Chase the Blues Away"

17. Benny Goodman Orchestra "Sing Sing Sing"

18. Glenn Miller Orchestra "Chatanooga Choo Choo"

19.  Winds  – 5 trumpets: "1st trumpet" playing highest notes,  "2nd trumpet" playing tunes and improvised  solos.  – 4 trombones (one "bass trombone" with a darker  tone quality than the others)  – 5 saxaphones (2 altos, 2 tenors, and 1 baritone),  some players play clarinet and flute solos Components of Big Band

20.  "Rhythm" section  – piano, guitar, contrabass, and drum set Components of Big Band

21.  Reed Instruments