1. JAZZ – AOS2 – SHARED MUSIC L.O - To understand the musical features found in Jazz music. To be able to learn and use the correct musical vocabulary.

2. PLC Complete the PLC in your booklet on Jazz music Read each statement and tick either  “confused face” or

3. Background and Context What? A fusion of African & American music with Improvisation. Where? USA When? Early 1900s Who? Louis Armstrong https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WPCBieSESI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WPCBieSESI Miles Davis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLDflhhdPCg&list=PLdhGk7 gKuZxYut3naMt3K1b3uwMbzZPIM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLDflhhdPCg&list=PLdhGk7 gKuZxYut3naMt3K1b3uwMbzZPIM Charlie Parker https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7gwl29diADwhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7gwl29diADw (REMEMBER THESE NAMES!)

4. Different styles of Jazz New Orleans style https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdftdlVEOuM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdftdlVEOuM Chicago style https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lGRNmIseCs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lGRNmIseCs Big Band style https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYLbrZAko7E https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYLbrZAko7E Be-Bop and Cool Jazz https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjZa7lyyGlw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjZa7lyyGlw http://www.gcse-music.co.uk/#!jazz/c1dix

5. How do the instrument interact? Drum Bass and Piano hold the rhythm together with the bass and piano outlining the chords (harmony). Lead instruments play the tune or Head often together (in unison) and take it in turns to improvise over the set chord sequence. Perform from lead sheets – a type of score that provides you with the melody, chords and basic structure of the piece. All members understand what role their instrument takes and create their own part form the lead sheet. Venue/Location: Jazz club/concert hall

6. Tonality and melody Blues scale – a major scale with flattened 3rd, 5th and 7th degrees Blues scale is used for the melody line When a performer improvises, they will use notes from the Blues scale. Improvisation is used a lot in Jazz music, allowing the performer to express themselves musically. They may decorate the melody by adding ornaments; change the rhythm of the melody; take a fragment of the melody and improvise around that.

7. Instruments and their roles – rhythm section InstrumentRoleOther details DrumsRhythm section/ accompaniment Maintain the beat. Use of swung and syncopated rhythms Double BassRhythm section/ accompaniment Outline the chords (harmony) Walking bass line PianoRhythm section/ accompaniment Outline the chords (harmony) Comping – rhythmic chordal patterns

8. Instruments and their roles – horn section InstrumentRoleOther detail SaxophoneLead/melodyOften play the tune, also known as the Head. Will improvise using the blues scale over the set chord sequence. TromboneLead/melodySee above TrumpetLead/melodySee above

9. Structure 12 bar blues structure Can sometimes be 32 bars long, depending on the piece you are listening to. Chord I Chord IV7 Chord I Chord V7Chord IV7Chord I

10. Other important musical features Tempo - Jazz Ballads slow. Bebop Very fast! Rhythm - Swing Rhythm. Dotted feel. Articulation - Strong Accents on first beat of the bar and on the beat. Dynamics - Ballads can be quiet. Big band and Bebop loud! Expression - Improvisation = musical expression through the spontaneous creation of music! Devices - Riffs, Imitation, Call & Response, 12 Bar Blues or 32 Bar Popular song Structure (AABA). Texture - Dixiland Jazz - Polyphonic. Melody and Accompaniment common with solo lead. Instruments - Rhythm Section = Drums, Piano, Bass. Frontline = Trumpet, Saxophone, Trombone. Pitch - Various - soloists will often improvise over their whole range.