1. Starter Directions: Draw the following table. Match the example up with the correct simple machine type: Wedge, Lever, Wheel and Axle`, Pulley Example Type 1.Shovel 2.Axe 3.Doorknob 4.Window blinds

2. Energy Day 30

3. Essential Questions What is energy? How is energy stored? (give examples). Compare & contrast the energy of a book sitting high on a shelf with a book falling to the ground.

4. Energy Reading Passage Please read passage in its entirety. Answer the analysis questions about the passage. What is matter and energy?

5. What is Energy Energy is the ability to do work. In other words, energy is transferred by a force moving an object through a distance. Work and energy are closely related. Work is a transfer of energy Work and energy are measured joules (J). Energy may take several forms!

6. Energy forms Energy forms can be classified as either –Kinetic energy –Potential energy Forms –Gravitational potential energy –Elastic potential energy –Mechanical energy –Thermal energy –Chemical energy –Electrical energy –Electromagnetic energy (light) –Nuclear energy

7. Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. An object that has motion - whether it is vertical or horizontal motion - has kinetic energy. There are many forms of kinetic energy –KE = 0.5 m v2 –where m = mass of object –v = speed of object

8. Potential Energy An object can store energy as the result of its position. For example, the heavy ball of a demolition machine is storing energy when it is held at an elevated position. This stored energy of position is referred to as potential energy. Potential energy is the stored energy of position possessed by an object.

9. Gravitational Potential Energy Gravitational potential energy is the energy stored in an object as the result of its vertical position or height. The energy is stored as the result of the gravitational attraction of the Earth for the object.

10. Kinetic vs. Potential Kinetic energy Motion The closer the object is to the ground the greater the kinetic energy. KE=1/2(m)v 2 KE= kinetic m= mass v= velocity Unit=Joule Potential Energy Stored (Has the potential to move) The higher the object the greater the potential energy. PE=m(g)(h) PE=Potential m= mass g= gravity h= height Unit=Joule

11. Explain: Gravitational Potential Energy Formula: PE g = mgh PE g = F W h VariableUnits PE g – gravitational potential energy J m – masskg h – heightm F W – weightN g-gravitym/s 2 Write the following information.

12. Explain: Gravitational Potential Energy PE g = mgh PE g = F W h m PE g h Write the following information. PE g gFWFW h

13. Explain: Kinetic Energy Kinetic Energy is energy of motion. Formula: KE=½ mv² VariableUnits KE – kinetic energyJ m – masskg v – velocitym/s Write the following information.

14. Explain: Kinetic Energy KE=½ mv² m KE v On the back of the index card, write the following information. v½

15. The ball starts at rest waiting (PE) to move. Then with a force it moves down the hill (KE).

16. If an object has PE it will have KE. You cannot have one without the other.

17. KE and PE http://www.teachersdomain.org/resou rce/hew06.sci.phys.maf.rollercoaster/

18. Forms Elastic potential energy –The energy stored in elastic materials as the result of their stretching or compressing Mechanical energy –The energy acquired by the objects upon which work is done Thermal energy –The energy a substance or system has related to its temperature (vibrating or moving molecules) Chemical energy –The energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds (atoms and molecules) Electrical energy –The energy carried by moving electrons in an electric conductor Electromagnetic energy (light) –The energy that is reflected or emitted from objects in the form of electrical and magnetic waves that can travel through all space Nuclear energy –The energy released when the nuclei of atoms are split or fused.

19. Examples of each form Gravitational potential energy –the heavy ball of a demolition machine when it is held at an elevated position Elastic potential energy –rubber bands, bungee chords, trampolines, springs Mechanical energy –Moving car, every moving object Thermal energy –Fire Chemical energy –Fuel Electrical energy –circuits Electromagnetic energy (light) –Sun, stars Nuclear energy –Radiation therapy

20. Energy All forms of energy are related Each form can be converted or changed into the other forms.

21. Explore: Energy Forms Directions: Draw a table with 6 columns. Label the columns as mechanical energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, electrical energy, electromagnetic energy, and nuclear energy. Directions: Classify the following scenarios under the correct energy.

22. Explore: Energy Forms speeding train gasoline ultra-violet flashlight oven bouncing ball KE+PE fusion/fission chemical bonds moving electrons heat ball rolling Digestion sun Atomic Bomb radio waves IceBoiling Water

23. What Energy Form? Directions: Label the picture with the correct energy form. Electrical, nuclear, Thermal, and Mechanical a. b.c. d.

24. Exit Slip Directions: Copy the examples and label which one is KE or PE. 1. a moving skateboard 2. a dry cell of a battery 3. a rock at the edge of a cliff 4. an acorn hanging from an oak tree 5. a glass of milk 6. a person climbing a ladder 7. Gasoline 8. a piece of celery 9. a basketball passing through a hoop 10. blowing wind