1. NCSCOS Goal 2 Page 15

2. Election of 1824 -No winner of electoral college Jackson wins the popular vote -John Q. Adams chosen over Jackson as President -Called corrupt bargain because Jackson had most votes Speaker of the House Henry Clay sways votes to John Quincy Adams and is made Secretary of State -Jackson ’ s supporters formed Democratic Party and opposed Adams ’ policies “ It is rumored and believed by everybody here that Mr. Clay will be made Secretary of State…What a farce! That Mr. Adams should swear to support the Constitution… which he purchased from Representatives…and which he must distribute among them as rewards for the iniquity. ” ~Andrew Donelson

4. Election of 1828 -high voter turnout b/c voting requirements had been lowered -previous voting laws had limited voting to property owning white males -Jackson appealed to the “ Common Man ” -Jackson becomes first western President -1832 Jackson re-elected first use of national nominating conventions The Jackson-Adams campaign in 1828 degenerated into a nasty but entertaining contest. The Democrats whipped up enthusiasm with barbecues, mass rallies, and parades, and gave out buttons and hats with hickory leaves attached. Few people discussed issues. Both sides made slanderous personal attacks. Supporters of Adams and Clay, called National Republicans, branded Jackson “an adulterer, a gambler, a cockfighter, a brawler, a drunkard, and a murderer.” His wife Rachel was maligned as common and immoral.

5. Party Differences National Republicans - Strong National Government - Federal government supports internal improvements - Wanted National Bank Jacksonian Democrats - Limited National Government - Individual states support internal improvements - Against National Bank Irony of Jackson Irony of Jackson - Actually increased presidential power - National Republicans call him “ King Andrew I ” - Vetoed more congressional acts than any other President

6. King Andrew I Which political party do you think drew this cartoon? How can you tell?

7. Jackson ’ s Presidency - ” Common Man ”’ s President Promised to return the government to the “people” -creation of the Spoils System Giving government jobs to friends or supporters Opposite of Merit System “ Kitchen Cabinet ” -greater democracy, but women and minorities still ignored -Great Silence over the issue of slavery Jackson’s inauguration horrified many. Washington was packed for the ceremonies, and when Jackson appeared to take the oath of office, wild cheering broke out. Few heard him, but many hoped to shake his hand, and Jackson was all but mobbed. The White House reception got completely out of hand. A throng of people, “from the highest and most polished, down to the most vulgar and gross,” poured into the White House with muddy boots to overturn furniture in a rush for food and punch. When wine and ice cream were brought out to the lawn, many guests followed by diving through the windows. Many saw this as the begin of the “reign of King Mob.”

8. Nullification Crisis -debate over high tariffs Angers South, Helps Northern Factories. Raises Prices Tariff of Abominations (a.k.a. Tariff of 1828) -John C. Calhoun Vice President of the US Southern Sectionalist Advocate of States ’ Rights -theory of nullification Declare law unconstitutional and refuse to follow -S.C. threatens secession -Jackson threatens the use of force (150,000 troops) -Henry Clay organizes a compromise

9. Despotism: rule by absolute power or authority; tyranny Who do you think supported this political cartoon? Why? What are they saying about the administration under which they live?

10. Indian Removal Act

11. Indian Policy -different views about Indian policy -Indian Removal Act, 1830 Whites want land, move five civilized tribes to parts of Louisiana Purchase, forced removal -Cherokee takes the issue to the Supreme Court and wins -Worchester v. Georgia Ruled in favor of Cherokee -Jackson ignores the court and orders removal -Trail of Tears, 1838 Forced removal of Cherokee to Oklahoma …We have been called a poor, ignorant, and degraded people. We certainly are not rich; nor have we ever boasted of our knowledge or our moral or intellectual elevation. But there is not a man within our limits so ignorant as not to know that he has a right to live on the land of his fathers, in the possession of his immemorial privileges, and that this right has been acknowledged by the United States; nor is there a man so degraded as not to feel a keen sense of injury, on being deprived of his right and driven into exile… ~”Memorial of a Cherokee Nation”

12. The Cherokee removal routes took the Cherokee from the mountains of Northwest Georgia, where settlers found gold, and removed them to reservation land in Oklahoma and other places in the remote Louisiana Territory.

13. The Legend of the Cherokee Rose No better symbol exists of the pain and suffering of the Trail Where They Cried than the Cherokee Rose. The mothers of the Cherokee grieved so much at the sight of dying children that the chiefs prayed for a sign to lift the mother's spirits and give them strength. From that day forward, a beautiful new flower, a rose, grew wherever a mother's tear fell to the ground. The rose is white, for the mother's tears. It has a gold center, for the gold taken from the Cherokee lands, and seven leaves on each stem that represent the seven Cherokee clans that made the journey. To this day, the Cherokee Rose prospers along the route of the “Trail of Tears.” The Cherokee Rose is now the official flower of the State of Georgia.

14. National Bank -Jackson disliked the Bank of the U.S. -thought it an abuse of power and served the wealthy first -thought it lacked the constitutional ability to exist -Jackson vetoed the new charter for the bank and withdrew all gov ’ t funds -Jackson placed gov ’ t funds in favored state banks which critics called the “ Pet Banks ” which led to a monetary crisis

15. Van Buren -Martin Van Buren was elected after Jackson -suffered b/c of Jackson ’ s bank policies -Panic of 1837 left many in bad economic situations -Newly formed Whig party gains strength

16. Harrison and Tyler -War hero William Henry Harrison becomes first Whig President Portrayed as a common, poor man (not true) -Harrison dies 1 month into office -John Tyler is first V.P. to become President