1. Daniel Janies, Ph.D. Carol Grotnes Belk Distinguished Professor of Bioinformatics and Genomics College of Computing and Informatics University of North Carolina at Charlotte djanies@uncc.edu http://bioinformatics.uncc.edu/directory/janies-daniel Genes and geography of infectious diseases Analytics Frontiers Conference

2. Our goal is to develop means to analyze and share diverse types of data on pathogens

3. Pathogens underlying influenza like illness: UK, May 2000-April 2001 Creer et al., 2005

4. Pathogens underlying influenza like illness: Netherlands, November 1998 – June 2001

5. Chicago A B Toronto C Washington, DC Three cases of influenza like illness

6. If we sequence the genomes of the pathogens the three outbreaks can be interconnected and understood via their connections to background data

7. Where did the pathogen originate ? From Asia? From Europe? From South America?

8. Or did the pathogen originate in North America and will it spread abroad ? To Asia ? To Europe? To South America?

9. Which hosts carry a pathogen ?

10. Indonesia Korea and Japan Host taxa H5N1 influenza

11. Which trade processes carry a pathogen? chickens ducks smuggled eagle

12. Molecular Evolution of the Avian Influenza (H5N1) PB2 protein. This mutation confers increased replication in mammals

13. H7N9 2013-16 PB2 E627K This mutation confers increased viral replication in mammals

14. Moon Fishery (India) Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration

15. Next steps – genetic surveillance of infectious diseases US FDA, state and international partners

16. Global spread of Salmonella bareilly UNC joint work with US Food and Drug Administration University of Maryland University North Carolina at Charlotte Ohio State University New York State Department of Health Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

17. Salmonella bareilly, genetic tree, place metadata.

18. Africa, 1947-2001SE Asia, 1966-2013 South Pacific, 2007-presentSouth America, Caribbean, present Global Spread of Zika Virus

19. Evolution of Zika’s envelope protein

20. Summary Our analyses can handle very large, diverse data sets. Results are visual and biomedical analytics that lead to actionable conclusions and new research directions. Meaningful use of heath IT, including commodity sequencing, will come from coordinated national and international efforts in infection control and biosurveillance.

21. Acknowledgements Organizers and Sponsors The Belk Family Defense Applied Research Projects Agency Defense Threat Reduction Agency US National Science Foundation University of North Carolina Game-Changing Research Fund UNC Charlotte: College of Computing and Informatics, Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School