1. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 The Internet – Network diagrams 13

2. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Network diagrams show how pieces of technology connect together The good news is that you are not expected to understand complex diagrams It’s all about a few more simple concepts Let’s start with why the Internet is known as a ‘network of networks’…

3. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 ‘Network of networks’ Every computer connected to the Internet is part of a network, even the one in your home For example, when you connect to your ISP, you become part of their local network The ISP will then connect to a larger network and become part of their national network Next comes the global network that lets you connect to computers across the planet That’s why the Net is ‘a network of networks’

4. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 ‘Network of networks’ LocalNationalGlobal ISP NetworkBackbone NetworksHome

5. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 You are expected to know these two basic terms: POP NAP

6. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 A PoP just means an access point to the Internet, where an ISP has hardware So your ISP will have a POP in your local area since your ISP uses hardware in the street cabinets and local exchanges or data centres In fact, an ISP will have several POPs in an urban area to give good access Point of Presence (PoP)

7. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Point of Presence (PoP) Street cabinets contain all the hardware need to connect your home line…

8. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Point of Presence (PoP) Local BT exchanges are places where an ISP can put its own hardware…

9. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 A NAP is where different networks interconnect or join Such as your home network onto your ISP’s network Then the ISP’s network onto the Internet backbone A NAP is a bit like an airport for data, where different carries connect Network Access Point (NAP)

10. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Network Access Point (NAP) NAP A NAP is where different networks interconnect or join NAP ISP NetworkBackbone NetworksHome

11. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Network Access Point (NAP) ISPs connect to larger networks using ‘IX’ or Internet Exchange data centres… IX Manchester IX London

12. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Sample Diagrams POP NAP Internet A place where your ISP puts its hardware to get you connected Where networks join, so you go from local to national to global access

13. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Sample Diagrams ISP Router Client You pick what ISP to use based on their price & packages eg speed Your ISP gives you a home router and they come in all kind of designs Internet

14. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Finally, you need to know these two basic terms: LAN WAN

15. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Local Area Network (LAN) Is a network on one site, like a school, or one building, such as an office block

16. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Local Area Network (LAN) Our LAN let us to share resources & also gives us access to email & the web… Servers Clients QES LAN

17. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Wide Area Network (WAN) Is a network that spans a whole region, or country or globe, e.g. the Internet

18. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 Wide Area Network (WAN) But bear in mind that a business could also have its own WAN for secure sharing

19. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 The Internet – Network diagrams 13

20. The Internet – Network diagrams 13 The Internet – Network diagrams 13