1. THE AGE OF JACKSON

2. JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY Seeking a stronger presidency and a weaker Congress  (look for someone as experienced as…a former general) Followers and supporters of politicians should be given government jobs to limit power of elite groups (spoils system) More respect given to the opinions of the common man  Suffrage extended to all white males, not just those that owned land What kind of president should we expect Andrew Jackson to be?

3. ELECTION OF 1824 There were 5 candidates for the election of 1824. Andrew Jackson along with John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay were all tied after the general election. The election then moved to the House of Representatives to be decided on. During this time Henry Clay made a deal to give John Quincy Adams more support in exchange for a position in Adam’s government. Jackson was not happy about this and the deal became known as the “Corrupt Bargain Agreement”

4. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS 6 th President of the United States From Massachusetts. Eldest son John Adams the second president of the United States. Party: National Republican (later the Whig party)

6. ELECTION OF 1828 Andrew Jackson once again runs for the office of the President of the United States. Jackson faced the incumbent, or current office holder, President John Quincy Adams. Both campaigns participated in mudslinging. Which means to run negative ads about your opponent. Adams campaign focused their attack on Jackson’s wife, Rachelle, his massacre of Native Americans, and his habit of dueling. Jackson’s campaign focused on Adams’s character. Calling him a pimp and charging him with using government funds to pay for his own entertainment, namely a billiards table. Andrew Jackson will win the election by a landslide.

8. ANDREW JACKSON 7 th President of the United States First president not from Virginia or Massachusetts Party: Democrat Known as the president for the “common man”

10. POPULAR POLITICS Jackson was elected in 1828, after getting cheated out of the 1824 election, and he brought a lot more participation  The brand new Democratic party was a success Things could get pretty brutal in public displays of campaign songs, pamphlets, posters, barbecues, rallies, buttons, etc  Andrew Jackson’s attitudes toward Native Americans & National Banking were challenged What are the advantages to this increased attention to politics?

11. JACKSON’S KITCHEN CABINET Every president has a group of advisors known as the presidential cabinet. Jackson did not get along with his vice president John C. Calhoun. As a result Jackson wanted to get rid of Calhoun’s friends and allies in the cabinet. Jackson instead used an unofficial group of advisors known as his “kitchen cabinet” because they would enter through the White House kitchen door.

13. NULLIFICATION CRISIS Vice President John C. Calhoun argued with Andrew Jackson about states’ rights to nullify (cancel) federal laws Southern states wanted to nullify a high tariff (tax) Congress had passed on manufactured goods coming in from Europe  The tariff was good for Northern business, but bad for Southern plantation owners Using this crisis as evidence, what is nationalism being replaced by in the US?

15. CHANGING AMERICAN NATIONALISM In Jackson’s day, Americans believed that their nation was different and superior to other nations  Also, that it was their duty to expand Protestantism, the English language, and culture all the way to the Pacific Ocean, just as the Founding Fathers would have wanted it Can nationalism continue at a high level as expansionism starts to take off, or is nationalism in danger?

16. INDIAN REMOVAL

17. INDIAN REMOVAL ACT A law passed by congress in May of 1830. The law authorized the President to negotiate with native tribes in the southeast for their land and removal to the Indian territories west of the Mississippi. This became known as the Indian Removal Act. The act sought to relocate the so called “Five Civilized Tribes” These tribes included the Choctaw, Chickasaw, Cherokee, Creek, and Seminole tribes. All five tribes were independent nations.

23. Many people wanted the natives removed particularly those in Georgia. The Cherokee lands sat on mineral rich deposits, gold in particular. Relocation was voluntary by nature but in practice was forced. Each tribe signed a treaty that ceded, or handed over, their land and sent them westward. The Treaty of New Echota was signed by the Cherokee. The removal of the Cherokee became known as the Trail of Tears. The Native Americans were resettled in the Indian Territory, what is today Oklahoma.

24. WORCESTER V. GEORGIA Georgia had allowed white settlers to move onto Cherokee lands.  Violation of earlier treaties.  Cherokee take the Georgia to the Supreme court. US Supreme court case Chief Justice John Marshall Ruled:  The state of Georgia did not have the right to allow white settlers on Cherokee lands. Jackson responds by saying “Marshall has made his ruling now let him enforce it”.  Jackson ignores the court and proceeds with the removal of the Native Americans.

25. DID YOU KNOW… Andrew Jackson fought in 13 duels during his lifetime, and killed a man in a duel in 1806. Dueling was a common way to settle disputes with “honor” in America in the early 18 th Century, and Jackson carried a bullet from a duel next to his heart for almost 40 years !

26. ANDREW JACKSON V. JOHN C. CALHOUN