1. + Body Image & Feminism Presented by: Laura Rubalcava, MA, MA

2. + Bio- Laura Rubalcava Laura Rubalcava is a fourth year doctoral student in clinical psychology at The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Washington, DC campus. She has encouraged health and wellness for the last twelve years of her career by combining both clinical practice and research in a variety of settings, particularly community clinics, hospitals, research institutes and private practices. She earned a master’s degree from The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, in clinical psychology and another master’s degree in counseling from The University of Texas at San Antonio, each of these with a distinct interest in treating obesity and eating disorders. She has direct experience in working with individuals of all ages and from many ethnic backgrounds. Her publications and research interests include health promotion, weight stigma, and sensitivity training for medical professionals treating those with disordered eating behavior.

3. + Table of Contents 1. Body Image What is body image? Circle of Influence - Body Image Perceptions Media and The Body Body image types Photoshop: Your opinion Eight steps to better body image 2. Feminism and body image Feminism defined Key leader in feminism and body image

4. + What is Body Image? Body image is the perception that a person has of their physical self, but more importantly the thoughts and feelings the person experiences as a result of that perception. It is important to understand that these feelings can be positive, negative or a combination of both and are influenced by individual and environmental factors. Body image does NOT refer to what you actually look like, but to your personal relationship with your body. Body image is not static, but ever changing; sensitive to changes in mood, environment, and physical experience. It is not inborn, it is learned. The learning occurs in the family and among peers, but these only reinforce what is learned and expected culturally. A negative, unsatisfactory body image can be changed– It is scientifically proven using the following 8 steps. ‪ TED Talk: Paradigm Shift of Women's Body Image https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rd179353VcA

5. + Circle of Influence - Body Image Perceptions

6. + Media and Body Image https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J3Upt53RiWY

7. + Body Image Types Accept that bodies come in different shapes and sizes. Know there are good things about their bodies. Are comfortable with their bodies. Are critical of the ‘ideal’ body seen in the media. Clear and true perception of the shape/parts of your body. May think a lot about how they see themselves or how they think others see them. May be uncomfortable with their bodies. Distorted idea of your body shape/size. Healthy Body ImageUnhealthy Body Image

8. + Photoshop: Your opinion

9. + Culture and Body Image Within the US, Asians and Whites prefer the thin body ideal and Hispanics and African-Americans tend to prefer a larger body size. African (Ugandan) women and men see obese women as more attractive when compared to British men. In traditional Chinese culture, heavy women were evaluated positively and some contemporary Chinese women view plumpness as a component of the ideal female body shape.

10. + 8 Steps to Changing Body Image 1. Discover your own body image and set your goals for change. 2. Understand the causes of your discontent. 3. Get comfortable with your body through body-and-mind relaxation and body image desensitization. 4. Discover your appearance assumptions and challenge their control over your body image. 5. Change your faulty Private Body Talk with corrective thinking. 6. Defeat your self-defeating behavior by facing what you avoid and by eliminating your appearance preoccupied rituals. 7. Treat your body right after affirming and enhancing activities. 8. Continue to improve and prevent relapse by preparing today for tomorrow.

11. + Helpsheet for Change: My Need for Change

12. + Feminism and Body image Feminism defined Key Leader in Feminism and Body Image

13. + Feminism Defined Feminism n. the policy, practice or advocacy of political, economic, and social equality for women. According to Feminist Majority Foundation is a consciousness- raiser, inspired by a Newsweek/Gallup public opinion poll that showed the majority of women (56%) in the United States self- identified as feminists. Most polls since then reveal that this majority continues with over two-thirds of young women self-identifying as feminists. Most men, especially young men, view themselves as supporters of the women's rights movement.

14. + Susan Orbach https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9qqpf6iU5o Susie Orbach is a psychotherapist, social critic, and activist. She has written 11 books, including bestsellers such as Fat is a Feminist Issue and On Eating. Her latest is Bodies. She is the convenor of AnyBody/UK Endangered Bodies.

15. + Geena Davis Institute on Gender in Media Males outnumber females 3 to 1 in family films. In contrast, females comprise just over 50% of the population in the United States. Even more staggering is the fact that this ratio, as seen in family films, is the same as it was in 1946. Females are almost four times as likely as males to be shown in sexy attire. Further, females are nearly twice as likely as males to be shown with a diminutive waistline. Generally unrealistic figures are more likely to be seen on females than males. Females are also underrepresented behind the camera. Across 1,565 content creators, only 7% of directors, 13% of writers, and 20% of producers are female. This translates to 4.8 males working behind-the-scenes to every one female. From 2006 to 2009, not one female character was depicted in G-rated family films in the field of medical science, as a business leader, in law, or politics. In these films, 80.5% of all working characters are male and 19.5% are female, which is a contrast to real world statistics, where women comprise 50% of the workforce.

16. + Resources Embrace Documentary Geena Davis Institute on Gender in Media http://seejane.org Cameron Russell: Looks aren't everything. Believe me, I'm a model. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KM4Xe6Dlp0Y To find help in your local area go to www.nedc.com.au/helplines

17. + The End