1. PIG-A-PALOOZA! Hi! Welcome to Pig-A-Palooza, an interactive PowerPoint that should be very informative about two key aspects of the swine industry: swine breeds and the ear notching system. See directions to below to proceed. Press the box that pertains to you! TeachersStudents

2. TARGET AUDIENCE Junior High Students Junior High Students Grades 6 to 8 Grades 6 to 8 Ages 12 to 14 Ages 12 to 14 Mixture of Boys and Girsl (approximately 25 students) Mixture of Boys and Girsl (approximately 25 students) Class is an elective; THEREFORE, background knowledge of swine and the swine industry will vary throughout the class. Class is an elective; THEREFORE, background knowledge of swine and the swine industry will vary throughout the class. Actual experience working with swine and the swine industry varies as well. Actual experience working with swine and the swine industry varies as well. Primarily Caucasian students Primarily Caucasian students

3. LEARNING ENVIRONMENT Typical classroom setting Typical classroom setting Projector screen in room Projector screen in room Students have a classroom set of laptops Students have a classroom set of laptops Rural school and rural school atmosphere/setting Rural school and rural school atmosphere/setting Shop attached to classroom Shop attached to classroom Benefits Benefits Projector helps with technology integration Projector helps with technology integration Students comfortable in classroom setting Students comfortable in classroom setting Being a rural school, some students have an agricultural background Being a rural school, some students have an agricultural background

4. OBJECTIVES Objective #1 Objective #1 Given 6 pictures and/or questions about the defining characteristics of swine breeds, students will be able to choose the appropriate swine breed with 100 % accuracy. Given 6 pictures and/or questions about the defining characteristics of swine breeds, students will be able to choose the appropriate swine breed with 100 % accuracy.

5. OBJECTIVES Objective #2 Objective #2 Given two questions, students will be able to identify two reasons for the importance of identifying pigs with the ear notching system with 100 % accuracy. Given two questions, students will be able to identify two reasons for the importance of identifying pigs with the ear notching system with 100 % accuracy.

6. OBJECTIVES Objective #3 Objective #3 Given six questions about swine ear notches that include examples, students will be able to calculate the correct ear notch of swine. Given six questions about swine ear notches that include examples, students will be able to calculate the correct ear notch of swine.

7. BUTTONS Go to Previous Slide **Watch for miscellaneous Go to Previous Slide **Watch for miscellaneous buttons throughout buttons throughout the presentation!** the presentation!** Go to Next Slide Go to Next Slide Go to Home Page Go to Home Page

8. START THINKING!! What all do you already know about swine? Today, we are going to introduce two important parts of the swine industry: swine breeds and ear notches. Before we begin, please complete the following activity!! Given the topics, please list two things you already know as well two things you hope to learn by the time this activity is completed.

9. PIG-A-PALOOZA Name That Breed! A Top Notch System Click on one of the boxes above. Then, proceed through the interactive and instructive materials. At the end of each section is a ten question quiz. You must get all of these right to move on. If you miss a question, you will be given feedback and be asked to try again. Good luck! Click Here for Some Additional Fun Facts!

10. I hope you enjoy exploring the various swine breeds in the industry! Click HERE to Begin Activity

11. BERKSHIRE The Berkshire breed can be identified by many common characteristics. The breed has a solid black body other than the feet, tail, and nose which must be white. This breed has erect ears, and is registered with the American Berkshire Association. This breed is known for its excellent carcass quality and has been important in the development of the swine industry.

12. CHESTER WHITE The Chester White breed must have a solid white body accompanied by medium-sized floppy, or downward pointing, ears. This breed is often known for their durability, making them a valuable asset to meat packers. Their overall mothering ability allows them to be well-liked by Chester White breeders. The Chester White breed is registered through Certified Pedigree Swine (CPS).

13. DUROC The Duroc breed is known for being red in color and having floppy, downward pointing ears. The breed is known for great siring abilities and having large litters. Durocs are the second most recorded breed of swine in the United States. They are registered with the National Swine Registry and require the red color, floppy ears, and at least six functional teats on each side in order to be registered.

14. HAMPSHIRE Hampshire swine are black in color and must have a white belt that stretches over the shoulders and down each leg. The ears must be erect, the belt must be full, and there must be six functional teats on each side in order to be registered with the National Swine Industry. Hamps are the third most popular breed in the swine industry, and they are preferred by industry packers due to their thin skin and good carcass quality.

15. HEREFORD The Hereford breed must have a white face and at least two white feet with two thirds of the body being red. The shade of red can vary from a lighter orange to a darker reddish brown color. These hogs often have a long neck, and they are not significantly popular in the United States.

16. LANDRACE The Landrace breed is expected to be solid white in color and long bodied. Typically, they have 16 or 17 ribs. They also have large floppy ears and narrow faces. They are known for their milk producing abilities and registered with the National Swine Registry.

17. POLAND CHINA The Poland China breed is expected to be solid black with six white points (nose, each foot, and tail). The ears must also be floppy and downward pointing. They are registered with the Certified Pedigreed Swine.

18. SPOTS The Spotted breed must be black and white. Sometimes, an animal has more black and sometimes it has more white; this varies on genetics. The breed also must have floppy downward pointing ears. They, too, are registered with the Certified Pedigreed Swine. Their litters are known to be fast growing.

19. TAMWORTH The Tamworth breed is not very popular in the United States. They are expected to have a color that ranges from golden orange to reddish brown. The ears must be erect. Often, they are a very fine boned swine breed.

20. YORKSHIRE The Yorkshire breed must be solid white in color and have erect ears. They are known for having an attractive profile and are referred to as the “Mother Breed” due to its mothering abilities. The Yorkshire breed is one of the most recorded breeds in the United States and is registered with the National Swine Registry.

21. YOU ARE NOW READY TO COMPLETE THE QUIZ!!!! If you wish to review more, click the button in the corner to go back through the slides. If you think you are ready, click “Take Quiz” below! If you wish to review more, click the button in the corner to go back through the slides. If you think you are ready, click “Take Quiz” below! Take Quiz

22. QUESTION 1 Which swine breed is pictured below? AB C D Chester White Hampshire Duroc Tamworth

23. Oops! A is incorrect. Remember, Chester Whites are solid white! Try Again

24. Very Good! B is correct! Click “Move On” to go to the next question. Move On

25. Oops! C is incorrect! Remember, Hampshires are black with a white belt. Try Again

26. Oops! D is incorrect! Remember Tamworths have erect ears. Try Again

27. QUESTION 2 One way that Chester White and Landrace breeds differ is in their ear size. TrueFalse

28. Correct! Landrace breeds have much larger and floppier ears! Move On

29. Oops! That is incorrect. Think about how we identify Landrace breeds. Try Again

30. QUESTION 3 Select the breed that must have erect ears and a black body and a white belt that extends over the shoulders and down the two front legs in order to be registered with the National Swine Registry. A C B Hampshire Hereford Poland China

31. Oops! A is incorrect. Remember that Herefords do not have any black on them. Try Again

32. Oops! B is incorrect! Remember that Poland Chinas have floppy ears. Try Again

33. Brilliant! C is Correct! The Hampshire breed must have all of those qualities to be registered. Move On

34. QUESTION 4 Which breed is shown below? A BC Hereford Spot Duroc

35. Great job! A is correct. This is a Hereford! Move On

36. Oops! B is incorrect. Remember that Durocs do not have any white on their bodies! Try Again

37. Oops! C is incorrect. Remember that Spots are black and white! Try Again

38. QUESTION 5 The Landrace breed is referred to as the “Mother Breed.” TrueFalse

39. Oops! The “Mother Breed” is actually an all white breed with erect ears. Try Again

40. Very good! The answer is False. The Yorkshire breed is the “Mother Breed” due to its milk producing and mothering abilities. Move On

41. QUESTION 6 Application Question! Farmer Smith has decided to start breeding swine. He cannot decide which breed to buy to begin his business. His daughter loves floppy eared pigs. Farmer Smith also has worked with the National Swine Registry in the past and would prefer one of those breeds. His wife told him not to buy white hogs because they will always look dirty. Which breed of swine should Farmer Smith buy? CBA Landrace Poland China Duroc

42. Oops! A is Incorrect! Remember that Landraces are white. According to Farmer Smith’s wife, this pig will always be dirty. She did not want a white pig on the farm. Try Again

43. Great Job! B is Correct. Durocs are red with floppy ears and they are registered with the National Swine Registry. They are a great choice for Farmer Smith. Move On

44. Oops! C is incorrect! Remember that Poland Chinas are registered with the Certified Pedigreed Swine. Farmer Smith wants to register his animals with the National Swine Registry. Try Again

45. CONGRATULATIONS!!!!! You have successfully completed the “Name That Breed!” activity! You did a great job! We hope you enjoyed this activity! Take a moment to think about what all you learned before moving on to the next activity!

46. A TOP NOTCH SYSTEM Great job on Part 1: Name That Breed! I hope you enjoy learning all about the ear notching system in this section! Good luck, and enjoy!

47. LET’S BRAINSTORM! What do you think are some good reasons for having an identification system, such as ear notching, in a swine production facility? Please type your answer below. Then, click “Check Answer” to see how your answer compares! Check Answer

48. REASONS FOR AN EAR NOTCHING SYSTEM A permanent form of identification A permanent form of identification Individual identity for each animal Individual identity for each animal Helps with animal registration Helps with animal registration Inexpensive form of identification Inexpensive form of identification Accurate for recordkeeping Accurate for recordkeeping Helps with total numbers Helps with total numbers Vaccinations Vaccinations Overall Herd Health Overall Herd Health This is an example of the tool that farmers use to do ear notching. Hence, this explains why ear notching is fairly inexpensive.

49. SOME INTRODUCTORY INFORMATION ABOUT EAR NOTCHING The RIGHT ear is the Litter Ear—every pig in the litter will have this same number (Think of like a Last Name). The RIGHT ear is the Litter Ear—every pig in the litter will have this same number (Think of like a Last Name). The LEFT ear is the Individual Pig in the Litter (like the First Name) The LEFT ear is the Individual Pig in the Litter (like the First Name) Read it right to left from the pig’s perspective (if you are behind the pig) Read it right to left from the pig’s perspective (if you are behind the pig) Reverse if you are looking at the pig. Reverse if you are looking at the pig.

50. CALCULATING EAR NOTCHES This picture does a GREAT job showing what each notch represents. A pig could have any combination of these numbers in order to identify it. The numbers are added up and then written with a “-” between them. Sometimes, a pig may have a notch side-by-side, indicating that there should be two of those notches calculated.

51. CALCULATING EAR NOTCHES Let’s see what this pig’s ear notch would be! First, we add up the right ear: 27+9+81+3+1 = 121 Then, we add up the left ear: 9+3+1 = 13 Therefore, this pig’s notch is: 121-13 It is litter number 121 and it is the 13 th pig in that litter.

52. TAKE NOTE!! Remember there could be more than one notch that is meant to represent a number twice. For example, pretend there is a notch where the pointer indicates. This would mean you add up 9+3+3+1=16. This would then change the overall ear notch to be 121-16.

53. LET’S DO SOME PRACTICE BEFORE YOU MOVE ON TO THE QUIZ! Look at the areas indicated by the green triangles. Add up the notches and write the correct ear notch. Try this on your own first. Then, continue to the next slide to see it worked out.

54. ANSWER! WERE YOU RIGHT? 9 27 1 1 3 First, we add up the right ear: 9+27+1 = 37 Now, we add up the left ear: 3+1 = 4 The correct ear notch is: 37-4

55. You have done a GREAT job at learning about ear notches! You are now ready to complete the 8 question quiz for “A Top Notch System”. If you wish to review more, click the arrow below to go back through the information. If you feel ready to go, then click “Take Quiz!” below! Good luck!! Take Quiz!

56. QUESTION 1: Which of the following is a good reason to use an ear notching system in swine production systems? A B C Fairly inexpensive Attractive Not good for record keeping

57. CORRECT!!! Great Job! Ear notching is a fairly inexpensive process! Ear notching is a fairly inexpensive process! Click below to move on! Next Question

58. OOPS! Oops! That is incorrect! Pigs are not necessarily concerned with their overall attractiveness, and the ear notches do not really effect the overall appearance of the pig. Think about what we talked about at the very beginning of this lesson! Try Again

59. OOPS! Oops! That is incorrect! Remember that ear notching is an excellent way to keep records for vaccinations, herd size, and individual pig needs! Overall, ear notching is very efficient for recordkeeping. Try Again

60. QUESTION 2 Recordkeeping, for purposes such as individual pig needs, overall herd numbers, and vaccinations, is a primary reason for the necessary use of the ear notching system. TRUE FALSE Hint: Remember the question before this one!!

61. GREAT JOB! You are correct! It is very important that you understand how vital ear notching is for recordkeeping in swine production systems. You did a great job on these first two questions! Now let’s see how you do with ear notch identification! Next Question

62. OOPS! Oops! Try Again! Remember the main topics we discussed at the beginning of the lesson? Think of why it would be important to recognize individual pigs. Try Again

63. QUESTION 3 Which ear identifies the litter number? RightLeft Hint: If you are standing behind the pig, you read right to left. Which number comes first?

64. CORRECT! You use the pig’s right ear to determine the litter number. This is the number that is mentioned first in an ear notch! Great job! Next Question

65. OOPS! Remember that the left ear identifies the individual pig in the litter, and this number is listed second. Try Again

66. QUESTION 4 Which ear identifies the individual pig within the litter? Right Left

67. GOOD WORK! Great job! The left ear identifies the individual pig in the litter. Remember, this is like the pig’s first name! Next Question

68. OOPS! Remember the right ear identifies the litter number and this number is listed first in the ear notch. Try Again

69. QUESTION 5 Which of these is not a possible combination of an ear notch? A C B 4-9 120-10 120-120 YOU GOT THIS!!

70. CORRECT! Great job! Remember the first number is the litter number and the second number is the individual pig. Yes, it is highly possible for the there to be 120 litters on the farm. However, there will not be 120 pigs within one litter. Therefore, 120-120 is NOT a possible ear notch! Next Question

71. OOPS! TRY AGAIN This is incorrect. 4-9 is highly possible. There are 4 litters, and this pig is the 9 th pig in that litter. Try Again

72. OOPS! TRY AGAIN This is incorrect. 120-10 is a possible ear notch. Large swine production facilities can have even more than 120 litters, and there can be ten pigs in a litter. Try Again

73. QUESTION 6 Some areas may be notched twice close together. This indicates that the farmer made a mistake and the notch should ONLY be added once. FalseTrue

74. GREAT WORK! The answer is False! The numbers are added for each notch represented. If there are two number 3 notches, then that part should equal 6. Keep going! You’re almost done! Next Question!

75. OOPS! TRY AGAIN! This is incorrect. Think about some of the things we talked about during the instruction portions. Try again! Keep working hard! Try Again

76. QUESTION 7 Select the proper ear notch of this pig. CB A 4-3131-4 29-7

77. GOOD WORK! 3 3 1 1 27 First, add the right ear: 27+3+1 = 31 Then, add the left ear: 1+3 = 4 The correct ear notch is 31-4! Good work! Next Question

78. OOPS! TRY AGAIN! Remember which number comes first. We read the litter number and then the individual pig within the litter. Try Again!

79. OOPS! TRY AGAIN! Make sure you add up the proper numbers that are associated with the given notches. Try Again

80. QUESTION 8 Select the proper ear notch of this pig. CB A 38-4 4-38 87-6

81. OOPS! Remember which number is listed the first in the ear notch! We always use the litter number as the first number! Try Again

82. OOPS! That is incorrect! Make sure you have the right notches associated with the correct numbers and check your addition! Try Again

83. CORRECT! Great Job! You correctly identified these ear notches. The right ear adds up as: 27+9+1+1 = 38 The left ear adds up as: 1+3 = 4. The correct ear notch is 38-4! Move On

84. GREAT JOB!!! You have successfully completed this activity! You have now passed both quizzes and portions of Pig-A-Palooza! I hope you learned something throughout this experience! Be sure to check out the Fun Facts page located on the home page! Thanks for learning about the swine industry!!

85. Hogs have small eyes and poor eyesight. Hogs have a total of 34-44 teeth. Insulin and about 40 other medicines are made from pigs. Pigs are not dirty. They can't sweat, so they roll in the mud to keep cool.

86. Pig heart valves have been used to replace damaged human heart valves. Pig fat can be used in weed killers, chalk, cosmetics, floor wax, crayons and antifreeze. A pig can run a seven-minute mile.

87. Watch this brief video that explains the overall concept of exhibiting swine as a 4-H project! This is a recreational side of the swine industry in comparison to the commercial side! Pay attention to: The Various Swine Breeds!