1. Resources & Energy Chapter 11 Earth Science

2. Resources 2 kinds of resources –Nonrenewable resources Minerals, fossil fuels –they take millions of years to form –Renewable resources Trees, air, water –Can be replaced within our lifetime

3. Renewable or Non?

4. Mineral Resources (cont.) Deposits from which metals and nonmetals can be removed profitably are called ores –Iron from hematite –Aluminum from bauxite

5. Mineral Resources (cont.) Mineral resources must be conserved by using substitutes or recycling

6. Mineral Resources (cont.) Minerals & their uses (metals) –Hematite/magnetite Making steel –Graphite Pencils, batteries –Chalcopyrite Copper wiring –Gold/Silver Electronics, dental work, eating utensils, jewelry

7. Mineral Resources (cont.) Mineral uses (non-metals) –Calcite Building stone, cement –Halite Food prep –Sulfur Gun powder, medicines, rubber –Quartz glass

8. Fossil Fuels Fossil fuels –Coal, petroleum, natural gas –Organic in origin (formed from living things) –When burned, heat energy is released

9. Fossil Fuels (cont) –Coal uses Electric power, making steel, heating –Most abundant fossil fuel –At current usage, it is predicted that all coal will be used up in 200 years Petroleum & Natural Gas –Uses Gasoline Heating oil, kerosene Lubricants, wax, asphalt

10. Fossil Fuels (cont.) The environment –Fossil fuel usage has impact on the environment –Rocks exposed during mining give off acids when wet, which pollute streams, rivers, etc. –Fossil fuels also cause air pollution: sulfur dioxide

11. Alternative Power Resources (cont.) Nuclear Energy –2 types 1.Nuclear fission –Splitting of nuclei 2.Nuclear fusion 1.Combining of nuclei –Disadvantages Waste can give off dangerous radiation

12. Alternative Energy Sources Solar Energy –Every 15 minutes, the sun gives off enough energy to meet the worlds needs for a year –Sunshine can be converted to heat in 2 ways Passive system –Sun coming in the window Active system –Must use a solar collector –Disadvantages Cloudy days

13. Alternative Energy Sources (cont.) Geothermal Energy –Water flows through rock that is heated by a body of magma or by hot gases released by magma –Can be used by drilling wells to reach the hot water

14. Alternative Energy Resources (cont.) Hydroelectric power –Energy from running water Disadvantages –Can hurt ecosystems that live downstream

15. Alternative Energy Resources (cont.) Wind Energy –Uses wind turbines Disadvantages –Wind doesn’t always blow