1. Warm-up What atomic spectral colors does the following element drawn on the board produce? Make a table matching 1. letters with 2. # rings jumped with 3. colors (use your worksheet) Draw the marks on the band below: red orange yellow green blue purple

2. Ch. 5.1 Quantum Mechanical Orbital Model

3. Images of Electron clouds in real life

4. Summary Electron Facts are negatively charged subatomic particles weight 1/1836 of the mass of one proton Has different energy levels depending on Principal Energy Levels of its orbital location (PEL 1, PEL 2, PEL 3…) The electrons on the outermost energy level are called Valence e- (these are the ones that produce the atomic spectra)

5. Electrons do not rotate on a circle They are super fast Their location is best expressed by probability equations Atomic orbital: place where an electron can be found 90% of the time Orbitals are not circles but 3-D spheres with different shapes Electrons rotate on their own axis: spin can be cw ↑ or ccw ↓ New

6. Orbital Shapes s,p,d,f s p d f

7. s-orbital Spherical shape Can contain up to two e- Symbolized by one box Filled with one or two e- spinning cw or ccw ↑↓

8. p-orbital dumbbell shape, each holding 2 e- symbolized by ↑↓

9. p-orbitals Three subsets on 3 different axis, x, y, z Each p-orbital contains 2 e- A full set of p-orbitals can hold a total of 6 e- ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓

10. d-orbitals Complex clover leaf shape – do not draw Full set of d-orbitals hold 10 e- ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓

11. f-orbital Full set of f-orbital can hold up to 14 e-

12. Energy levels of orbitals (highest) f d p s (lowest)

13. Principal Energy Levels Each energy level has an increasing number of orbitals PEL 1: 1stotal e- 2 PEL 2: 2s, 2p 8 PEL 3: 3s, 3p, 3d 18 PEL 4: 4s, 4p, 4d, 4f 32 PEL 5-7: same as above

14. Orbital Animation