1. Colonization & Settlement Lesson 2: English Settlement

2. England Can you describe it and where it is located?

3. England It is located on an island. It is a small country. It is off the western coast of Europe.

4. Late 1500s: English rulers begin to notice the Americas English rulers saw Spain getting rich from gold and silver from mines, as well as ranching products, and was anxious to share in this treasure… English sea captains began to attack Spanish treasure ships carrying things back to Spain. This caused serious conflicts between England & Spain.

5. Think Critically What push factors may have encouraged English settlers to travel to North America?

6. Think Critically  Life in England was difficult for people who did not own land. This factor tended to push people out of England.

7. Think Critically What pull factors may have attracted English settlers to travel to North America?

8. Think Critically  The New World appeared to have a lot of available land.  Explorers also believed that valuable things like gold and copper might be found there.

9. Read Aloud: “The Lost Colony”

10. http://app.discoveryeducation.com/p layer/view/assetGuid/273097B9- F936-4C67-BF24- 867AA4C7C23F Watch this!

11. What was a problem settlers in the first Roanoke settlement faced?

12. After the first failed attempt, why did colonists want to return to England? What do you think happened to the people of Roanoke?

13. Roanoke = Failure Neither John White nor Walter Raleigh had enough money for a 3 rd attempt at a settlement. What could England do to finance more voyages and settlements?

14. Roanoke = Failure The English decided that one person alone could not finance a colony… Look at Walter Raleigh! So a group of wealthy investors in London, England decided to try and form a joint-stock company.

15. Joint-Stock Company A joint-stock company is where people put money into a project to earn profits. Each owner gets to share portions of the money made if the company makes money! –Think of the Ford Motor Company

16. The Virginia Company In 1606, King James, granted the company a charter (a written contract) that gave the company the right to establish a colony. The 1 st goal of the company was to make a profit by setting up trading posts.

17. The Virginia Company The company was given the following instructions: 1.Settle Virginia 2.Find gold 3.Try to find a water route to Asia.

18. Think Critically What push & pull factors may have encouraged English settlers to try again to form a settlement in North America?

19. Push & Pull Factors  Many settlers who agreed to sail for the Virginia Company were pulled by the possibility of gold and adventure.  Some were pushed out of England by hard times.

20. The Virginia Company Many of the settlers who agreed to sail for the Virginia Company were indentured servants, or men who had agreed to work as servants for the company for a number of years, usually 4 to 7, in exchange for passage to the New World.

21. The Virginia Company The Virginia Company convinced about 100 men to sail to Virginia and form an English colony. They set sail in December of 1606 on 3 ships.

22. “Discovering Jamestown: Voyage to Virginia” http://www.historyisfu n.org/jamestown2007/ lessonPlans/voyage.ht ml http://www.historyisfu n.org/jamestown2007/ lessonPlans/voyage.ht ml

23. The Early Days of Jamestown While still on their ships they opened a sealed box that had been sent by the Virginia Company. It contained the names of appointed leaders and other instructions for forming the colony.

24. The Early Days of Jamestown They decided to sail up a river, which they named the James River, in honor of their king. They chose a spot on a peninsula that they felt was far enough from the ocean to protect them from passing Spanish ships that might attack. The spot ended up being a poor choice because it was swampy, filled with mosquitoes, and had bad drinking water.

25. Jamestown Experiences Many Problems Many of the settlers did not know how to farm or fish. They had come to Virginia to get rich. Many settlers went out looking for gold instead of planting food.

26. Jamestown Experiences Many Problems Many of the 1 st settlers were “gentlemen” who were wealthy and not used to working with their hands. Jamestown faced weather problems. It was hot and dry. Lack of leadership. Council members often argued.

27. How do you think the building of Jamestown affected Native Americans living nearby?

28. A Rough Start The Native Americans had problems with the colonists from the beginning including the issue of colonists stealing their crops for food. More and more land was taken from Native Americans in order to grow more tobacco. This lead to increased conflicts.

29. A Rough Start In addition, more English settlers came hoping to get rich in Jamestown, so the colony needed more and more workers to work on the tobacco plantations. More and more Africans were enslaved to do this work. In 1622, the Powhatans attacked and killed more than 300 colonists. The colonists fought back in an all-out war and defeated the Powhatans. The colonists took over the remaining Powhatan lands.

30. A Rough Start These conflicts with the Native Americans resulted in desperate times in Jamestown. It looked like the colony would fail.

31. Things Begin to Turn Around Under the Leadership of John Smith… In 1608, Smith became President of the Council. He provided the leadership that was lacking in the colony. He instituted the law “If you don’t work, you don’t eat” which helped solve many problems in the settlement.

32. 1619 was a very significant year in Jamestown. Three important events happened. Prediction Activity Make a prediction regarding how you think each event affected Jamestown

33. TO SUMMARIZE THE GOOD: The cultivation of tobacco began to make some individuals and the Virginia Company wealthy. More English settlers came hoping to get rich in Jamestown. A trade network grew with tobacco going to countries in Europe, and European manufactured goods going to Jamestown.

34. TO SUMMARIZE THE BAD: The colony needed more and more workers to work on the tobacco plantations. More and more Africans were enslaved to do this work. More and more land was taken from the Native Americans in order to grow tobacco. This lead to increased conflicts. By 1622, an all-out war broke out. The Colonists won, but lost many people.

35. TO REVIEW: