1. Recent reforms in the Danish university sector Tartu, 26 November 2009 Susanne Bjerregaard, Universities Denmark

2. Universities Denmark From 1 January 2008 Association of the 8 Danish universities Aims to further the cooperation, the visibility and the influence of the Danish university sector Autonomy and accountability are keywords for the work Comprises both the Rectors’ Conference and the group of University Chairmen – but has a rector as its spokesman

3. Universities in Denmark Roskilde University Aarhus University Aalborg University University of Southern Denmark University of Copenhagen Technical University of Denmark Copenhagen Business School IT-University of Copenhagen

4. The 8 Danish universities Research universities with research-based education Public – and publicly funded No tuition fees for European full-time students Part-time education (LLL) with tuition fees Output financed education – every passed exam releases money for the university 3+2+3 structure everywhere Professional bachelors – teachers, nurses etc – taught at other institutions

5. Why reforms? More focus on the role of universities in modern society A will to invest in research and education A wish to involve the stakeholders Stronger management perceived as neccesary for an efficient use of more public funding ---- Important to note that the quality of research and study programmes at the universities was not doubted

6. Citations per scientific publication, 2003-2007

7. Bologna Stocktaking 2009

8. The reforms – the short version Management reform – University Act of 2003 calls for boards, appointed rectors, deans etc. Funding reform – commitment to the Barcelona target Educational reform – focus on time-to-market Innovation reform – connecting research and innovation Mergers – more than 90 percent of public funded research concentrated at 8 universities

9. Management reform University Act 2003 - after a heated debate Boards with a majority of external members and an external chairman Appointed rectors, deans and heads of department Focus on stakeholder value Faculty has an advisory role but is not part of the governance structure

10. Funding reform Strong commitment to reach Barcelona targets: 1 percent of GDP for publicly funded research Overhead reform: 44 percent overhead on public grants 10 percent cap on demand for co-financing of grants from public research councils

13. Research funding model As of 2009 distribution of new grants for basic funding of university research was formula- based: -Educational performance (45%) -Number of PhD’s (10%) -External research income (20%) -Bibliometrics (25%)

14. Educational reform Accreditation Even stronger incentives for lower drop-out rates and shorter study duration Bonus for bachelors Bonus for masters who finish on time Pending De-regulation of education – both nationally and abroad

18. Established 1 January 2008 Main provider of education for the welfare system Regionally based 8 university colleges and 2 engineering colleges (7 UC as per 1/1 2010) 60,000 students 15,000 new students enrolled every year (36 percent of age cohort) 6,500 staff Turnover of DKK 4.3 billion Approx. 70 knowledge centres Comparison 8 universities (55 percent of an age cohort) 10 business academies (9 percent of an age cohort) University college sector: Facts and figures

19. From inventions to invoices

20. Innovation reform Increased focus on innovation New legislation in 2004: Technology Transfer at Public Research Institutions Publication in 2004 (DU/DI): Contacts, Contracts and Codices for Research Cooperation between Business and Universities Universities have set up technology transfer offices

21. Mergers OECD recommendation in 2004 Government plans for consortiums with national laboratories February 2006 – request for institutions’ own ideas for potentiel mergers June 2006 – the ”New Map” of Denmark 12 universities + 13 government research institutes became: 8 universities and 3 government research centres

22. Universities Full time researchers (2006) Full time researchers (2008) Partners University of Copenhagen 2.3553.731 University of Copenhagen The Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University Aarhus University 1.8653.126 Aarhus University Aarhus School of Business Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences National Environmental Research Institute The Danish University of Education Technical University of Denmark 1.4082.208 Technical University of Denmark Risø National Laboratory Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research Danish National Space Center Danish Institute for Fisheries Research Danish Transport Research Institute University of Southern Denmark 1.1281.396 University of Southern Denmark National Institute of Public Health HHC Business School Centre, Slagelse Aalborg University 1.1851.253 Aalborg University Danish Building Research Institute Roskilde University 465455 Roskilde University Copenhagen Business School 466474 Copenhagen Business School IT University of Copenhagen 7871 IT University of Copenhagen

23. Merging without moving Example: Aarhus University

24. Sine qua non: Money Is there any? How can you get hold of it? Can you use it efficiently – and account for that? Can you use it effectively – and can you convince your stakeholders that you are providing value for it?

25. New role for universities…