1. An ageing society: why and how is it happening? Dr Athina Vlachantoni a.vlachantoni@soton.ac.uk Centre for Research on Ageing www.southampton.ac.uk/ageing

2. 2 Population ageing: why is it happening? Because of… Decreasing mortality (or fewer people die) Decreasing fertility (or fewer people are born)

3. 3 (Number /1000 people) 1950- 1955 1995- 2000 2000- 2005 2025- 2030 2045- 2050 The World 157.259.654.531.019.4 Europe 72.49.89.46.24.9 Northern America 28.67.46.75.04.4 Oceania 60.326.124.313.88.4 Africa 181.191.283.045.626.2 Asia 182.459.353.029.319.5 Latin America & Caribbean 126.235.632.017.19.9 Table 1: The fall of (infant) mortality rates Source: United Nations World Population Prospects: The 2000 Revision

4. 4 Figure 1: The rise and fall of fertility rates Source: Falkingham, J. and Grundy, E. (2006)

5. 5 Population ageing: why is it happening? Because of… Decreasing mortality (fewer people die) Decreasing fertility (fewer people are born) …resulting in… Increasing life expectancy (people live longer) Ageing population (the population ages as a whole)

6. 6 Figure 2: Life expectancy at birth in the UK, 1901-2041 Source: ONS (2005) Focus on Older People, London: TSO.

7. 7 The oldest centenarian of all time Jeanne Calment Lived in Arles, France Born 21 February 1875 Died 4 August 1997 Age: 122 years, 164 days Secret? Red wine, and give up smoking at 117

8. 8 Who are the oldest people alive today? Edna Parker115 years, 113 days(USA) Maria de Jesus114 years, 336 days(Portugal) Gertrude Baines114 years, 127 days(USA) Catherine Hagel113 years, 257 days(USA) Beatrice Farve113 years, 103 days(USA) Source: www.wikipedia.com

9. 9 Figure 3: Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China, 1950-2050 Source:World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision (2005).

10. 10 Figure 4: Population ageing: what does it mean? From pyramids… …to (kind of) mushrooms Data for China. Source: World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision (2005).

11. 11 The Centre for Research on Ageing Understanding the causes and consequences of ageing over the lifecourse Postgraduate programmes in Gerontology Face-to-face and Distance Learning Visit us at: www.southampton.ac.uk/ageing