1. SUNY Buffalo Team Presentation Professor Joseph Mollendorf Professor Paul DesJardin Pellet Stove Design Challenge Brookhaven National Laboratory April 6 - 8, 2016 Left to right: Kevin Dailey, Kevan Darmawan, Kyle Hinman, Steven Widdis, Michael Kirschenheiter, and Michael Fitts.

2. NYSERDA GRANT “The objective of this effort is to design an advanced two-chamber pellet wood stove for competition in the advanced wood pellet stove competition. The goals of the activity are to: 1) build and test an advanced pellet stove design, 2) refine test methodologies for assessing the thermal efficiency and emissions of pellet stoves and 3) train students in the science of testing and designing biomass combustion systems.”

3. Overall objectives Increase efficiency Reduce emissions Strategy Establish solid baseline Make improvements to baseline

4. Approach Modify highly-rated stove rather than “start from scratch” First year: Instrument stove Baseline measurements Secondary combustion chamber Train students

5. Stove Quadra-Fire Classic Bay 1200

7. Stove settings High heat, high fan High heat, low fan Medium heat, high fan Medium heat, low fan Low heat, high fan Low heat, low fan

8. Fire Schematic

10. Instrumentation

11. loadcell contact point loadcell contact point loadcell contact point

18. Air flow through stove

19. Smoke leak test

22. Assumptions Steady-state Exhaust mass flow out = combustion air mass flow in + fuel mass flow in – ash residue mass flow in Specific heat of exhaust = specific heat of air

25. System level mathematical model Parameter sensitivity analysis “Carpet” plots Analysis permits

33. Uncorrected for moisture condensation during remote sensing

34. Correction for moisture condensation during remote sensing Richter, JP, JC Mollendorf and PE DesJardin, “Absolute and Relative Emissions Analysis in Practical Combustion Systems – Effect of Water Vapor Condensation”, submitted to Measurement Science and Technology (2016).

35. Conclusions Stove instrumented to obtain: Fuel burn rate Exhaust mass flow Exhaust temperature Room temperature Stove hot air temperature Stove surface temperatures Heat from fuel Heat lost to exhaust Heat to room Efficiency Emissions (CO, NO, O 2, NO x )

36. Future Work (remaining ½ of first year) Repeatability runs three (3) each at: High heat, high fan High heat, low fan Medium heat, high fan Medium heat, low fan Low heat, high fan Low heat, low fan Secondary combustion chamber

37. The authors gratefully acknowledge Funding support for this research from the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA). Agreement No. 63042. Senior Project Manager, Robert Carver, PE, DGCP. Electrical and mechanical technical support from: Messers. John Zaharkin, William Macy, Gary Olson, Xinnan (Simon) Peng, Joseph Richter and Mike Stoklosa, SUNY Buffalo. General consultation support from Mark O'Dell and Dale Furman, Hydronic Specialty Supply. Stove installation support from Robert Kladke, Blackhat Chimney & Fireplace. Mass airflow sensor support from Clayton Lindgren and David Pankonian, Bosch. Stove airflow information, Jacob Sill and Chad Hendrickson, Hearth and Home Technologies.