1. 2016 Georgia Milestone Review Mrs. Simpkins 8th Grade ELA

2. What is the difference between summarizing and paraphrasing?

3. Summarizing: A short statement that presents the main ideas and most important points in a piece of writing. Paraphrasing: A reinstatement of an author’s words in your own words.

4. What is the difference between mood and tone?

5. Mood: The way a text is intended to make the audience feel. Tone: The author’s attitude towards a subject.

6. What is the difference between main idea and theme?

7. Main Idea: The most important point in a work of literature. Theme: The moral or lesson of a story/text. Can be implied or directly stated.

8. Example of theme: Don’t judge a book by its cover, Always help others, Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.

9. What is the difference between objective and subjective texts?

10. Objective text are not influenced by personal feelings; based on facts. Subjective text are existing in the mind; based on opinions.

11. What is the difference between Biased and Unbiased?

12. Biased: Prejudice in favor of or against one thing/person/group compared with another. Considered to be unfair. Unbiased: Without bias or prejudice, impartial. Considered to be impartial and fair.

13. Five Elements of Plot Exposition/Introduction: The beginning- learn the basic situation, characters, setting, and conflict. Rising Action: Series of events that occur after the conflict that moves the story forward. Climax: “The turning point.” (exciting, suspenseful, etc).

14. Falling Action: Events/ results of the actions or decisions the character has made (slowly winding down to the end of the story). Resolution/Conclusion: The conflict is resolved and all loose ends are tied up.

15. What is conflict? The main problem or struggle that the character is facing.

16. Two Types of Conflict Internal Conflict: Person vs. Himself External Conflict: Person vs. an Outside Force (i.e. person, society, nature)

17. Protagonist: Usually a main character; goes through a major change in the story. Antagonist: Character who is against or has conflict with the Protagonist.

18. Flat Character: We know little about them. We only see one side of a flat character. Round Character: We know a lot about these characters. We see many sides of this character.

19. Static Character: A character who does not change at all throughout the story. Their personality remains the same. Dynamic Character: A character who undergoes an important change in the story. Think dynamite!

20. Point of View Pronouns 1st Person Point of View: I, me, mine, we, us, ours. 2nd Person Point of View: you and your. 3rd Person Point of View: he, she, her, they, them, and character names.

21. 3rd Person Objective: Narrator does not reveal any character’s thoughts or feelings. Only the character’s dialogue and actions are narrated. 3rd Person Limited: Narrator is limited to 1 character (tells us the thoughts/feelings of one character). 3rd Person Omniscient: The narrator is all knowing—tells the thoughts/feelings of more than one character.

22. Verbals Gerunds: ends in “-ing” and is used as a noun. Example: Lisa enjoys cooking for her family.

23. Participles:used as an adjective (describes a noun). Usually will end in “-ing” or “-ed” Example: The scurrying hamster was quickly lost. Infinitives: to + verb Example: I like to run.

24. Active Voice: When the subject of the sentence performs the action Example: Tina hit 2 home runs. (The subject, Tina, performs the action of hitting)

25. Passive Voice: When the action is done to the subject. Example: Two home runs were hit by Tina. (The subject is home runs, the action of hitting is done to the home runs)

26. Verbal Moods Indicative: States a fact or opinion. Example: Jerry works at a museum. Imperative: Tells you what to do/a command. Example: Eat all your vegetables. Interrogative:Question form of “Indicative” Example: Where does Jerry work?

27. Conditional: States a hypothetical cause/effect relationship Example: If I practice really hard, I might make varsity basketball. Subjunctive:States a wish or something contrary to what is true. Example: She was running as if a cheetah were chasing her.