1. Module B: Human Development Brain and Language Development Education Foundations, 2012 6704, 8822

2. Overview Brain development: neuroscience and education The brain’s physical structure Brain development Brain development and environment Neuroscience and education Limitations of neuroscience Image retrieved from: http://www.nelsi-4.com/

3. Language development Language as a social and psychological tool Language development in adolescence Language development and environment Implications for teachers Image retrieved from: http://www.child- development-guide.com/child-language- development.html

4. Brain Development: Neuroscience and Education The brain’s physical structures Image retrieved from: http://www.epilepsyresearch.org.uk/news/0810enews/nwasp.htm

5. The neuron receives messages through its dendrites and passes messages along its axons and across the synapse to other cells (Krause, et al., 2010) Image retrieved from: http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/301notes2.htm

6. Brain development Generation of new cells Synaptogenesis myelination

7. Image retrieved from: http://www.pep-web.org/document.php?id=apa.029.0831a

8. Brain development and environment ‘Pruning’ of synaptic networks Language and thinking Mother-infant interaction

9. Applications of neuroscience in education Working memory Image retrieved from http://usablealgebra.landmark.edu/instructor- training/working-memory-attention-executive-function/

10. Applications of neuroscience in education, cont’d Emotion and thinking Image retrieved from http://www.othersidegroup.com/2010/07/emotional-brand- also-important/

11. Applications of neuroscience in education, cont’d Connections in thinking: multiple representations, perspectives and prior knowledge Image retrieved from www.deceptology.com

12. Applications of neuroscience in education, cont’d Attention and mental visualisation Image retrieved from http://www.fitnesstipsforlife.com/using- mental-imagery.html Image retrieved from http://www.fitnessgurusam.com/2010/08/04 /can-visualization-make-you-stronger/

13. Limitations of neuroscience Image retrieved from http://www.indigolearning.co.za/neuroscience/ Study of human potentials vs. Study of developmental status quo

14. Language: a social and psychological tool Social interaction Acquisition of academic skills and concepts Development of consciousness and self- regulation

15. Language development in adolescence 5 language systems: Phonology; Semantics; Morphology; Syntax; and Pragmatics Development in adolescence: Vocabulary Syntax Metalinguistic awareness Abstract thinking Image retrieved from: http://www.dipity.com/snowma nkiller/Human-Development- Life-Cycle/

16. Language development and environment Joint attention Language input Image retrieved from: http://www.theylta.com/blog/? cat=62&paged=2

17. Implications for teachers Student-teacher and peer interaction Conceptual talks Student-directed interaction Image retrieved from: http://www.eduguide.org/library/v iewarticle/191