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Special Senses Week 12.

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Presentation on theme: "Special Senses Week 12."— Presentation transcript:

1 Special Senses Week 12

2 OBJECTIVES Identify the macro-structures of the eye
Diagrams Models Dissecting cow’s eye Identify the microscopic structures of the retina Identify the macro-structures of the ear Identify the microscopic structures of the cochlea

3 Objective 1: Structures of the Human Eye

4 Internal Eye Three concentric tunics (layers) of the eye: sclera
Outer fibrous tunic – sclera and cornea Middle vascular tunic - choroid Inner sensory tunic - retina sclera choroid retina Optic Nerve (CN II)

5 Light

6 Retina

7 Human Retina Rods & Cones Retinal ganglion cells
Nuclei of rods & cones Outer segments of rods & cones Bipolar cell nuclei Pigmented epithelial layer Vascular Tunic

8 Internal Eye Choroid Three concentric tunics (layers) of the eye: Iris
Outer fibrous tunic Middle vascular tunic – choroid, ciliary body (ciliary muscle & process), iris Inner sensory tunic Ciliary Body Choroid Ciliary muscle Ciliary process Suspensory ligaments Iris Lens

9 Pupil dilation & constriction

10 Internal Eye Sclera Three concentric tunics (layers) of the eye:
Outer fibrous tunic – sclera, cornea Middle vascular tunic – choroid, ciliary body (ciliary muscle & process), iris Inner sensory tunic - retina Sclera Cornea

11 Posterior Wall (fundus) of the Eye
Retina Macula lutea Fovea centralis Optic disk (blind spot) Optic nerve

12 The optic disc is the region were:
The optic nerve exits the eye The central artery and vein of the retina enter and exit the eye There are no photoreceptors, the “blind spot” Light

13 Ophthalmoscope View

14 Fovea centralis & Macula lutea
The macula lutea is an oval region lateral to the optic disc, at it’s center lies the fovea centralis, the area of greatest cone density in the retina.

15 Segments of the Eye Vitreous humor Anterior segment: area in front of the lens, filled with aqueous humor Posterior segment: area behind the lens, filled with vitreous humor

16 Anterior Segment Anterior chamber: between the cornea and iris
Posterior chamber: between iris and lens Suspensory ligaments Canal of Schlemm

17 Glaucoma Fluid drainage is blocked Optic nerve fibers damaged

18 Exterior Eye Anatomy 1? 2? 3?

19 Orbicularis oculi muscle
Sclera Cornea Conjunctiva

20 Exterior Eye Anatomy (palpabrae) (palpabrae)

21 Exterior Eye Anatomy

22 Extrinsic Eye Muscles Lateral rectus Inferior rectus Superior rectus
Inferior oblique Superior oblique Levator palpebrae superioris Medial rectus (not shown)

23 Objective 4: Ear Anatomy

24 1 2 3

25 External Auditory Meatus

26 Middle ear

27 Otitis media Normal Otitis media
The tympanic membrane is bulging and hyperemic ( blood), and yellow purulent fluid is seen in the middle ear space.

28 Inner ear Vestibular & Cochlear nerves join to become the Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII) Cochlear nerve

29 Internal Acoustic Meatus

30 Internal Acoustic Meatus External Auditory Meatus (Canal)
Petrous portion of Temporal bone Superior view Pharyngotympanic tube M I S Internal Acoustic Meatus External Auditory Meatus (Canal) Inner ear Tympanic membrane Middle ear

31 Petrous portion of Temporal bone
Bony Labyrinth

32 Petrous portion of Temporal bone
Membranous Labyrinth

33 Cochlea Endolymph

34 Cochlea histology

35 Cochlea, cs (Perilymph) (Endoymph) (Perilymph)

36 Identify given structures from models and slides
Cochlea S.V. S.T. Identify given structures from models and slides

37 Hearing physiology

38

39 Balance & Equilibrium

40 Inner Ear

41 Vestibule – utricle & saccule
Static equilibrium Responds to changes in linear movement (vertical & horizontal) Monitor head position, posture

42 Semicircular Canals - ampulla
Dynamic equilibrium Responds to changes in rotational movement Balance

43 Objective 2: Cow Eye Dissection

44 lens retina Identify all external and internal structures listed!
Follow the directions given in the Lab Manual!

45 Tapetum lucidum Iridescent portion (retina removed)
Not present in humans

46 Objectives 3 & 5: Experiments

47 Lab Activity: On the Practical: Dissect cow’s eye
Perform visual, auditory & balance experiments and analyze On the Practical: Identify the macro-structures of the eye from models and the cow eye Identify the macro-structures of the ear from models Identify the microscopic structures of the retina and cochlea

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