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Naming and Writing Ionic Compounds
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Ionic Compounds Occur between a metal and non-metal Occur when electrons are transferred between atoms forming ions Metals make cations = positive ions Nonmetals make anions = negative ions Also use these rules when a polyatomic ion is present
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Ionic Bonding Using Lewis Dots In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred K + F Mg + I Al + Br Be + S Na + O Na + Cl Ca + Cl
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Do you see a pattern K +1 + F -1 Mg +2 + I -1 Al +3 + Br -1 KF MgI 2 AlBr 3
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Use the pattern to write these formulas: Ca + P Na + O Li + S
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Writing Ionic Compounds
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7 Guide to Writing Formulas from the Name Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
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1. Identify the Ions Look at the group they are in on the periodic table Determine the type of ion created and assign an oxidation number (charge) BeBr Group 2 Group 7 2 electrons7 electrons Be +2 Br -
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2. Criss-Cross Charges Criss-Cross Charges Drop Signs Do not write any “1’s” Be +2 Br - Be 1 Br 2 BeBr 2
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3. Reduce/Simplify Reduce any subscripts to the simplest form or simplest ratio. LiBr 2 is already simplified But copper(II) oxide needs to be reduced since 2:2 atoms is the same as 1:1. Cu +2 O -2 Cu 2 O 2 CuO
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11 Learning Check Write the formulas of the following ions: Br − S 2− N 3− Na + Al 3+
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Naming Ionic Compounds
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Naming Ionic Compounds with Two Elements
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1. Identify the cation and anion Reverse Criss-Cross Al 2 S 3 Al +3 S -2
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2. Name the Cation Al +3 S -2 The cation is the positive ion Use its element name Al +3 = Aluminum
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3. Name the Anion Al +3 S -2 The anion is the negative ion Use the element name, but change the last part to -ide S -2 = Sulfur Sulfide
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4. Put it together Cation name is first Anion is second Al 2 S 3 Al +3 S -2 Aluminum Sulfide
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18 Write the names of the following compounds. 1) CaO___________ 2) KBr___________ 3) Al 2 O 3 ___________ 4) MgCl 2 ___________ Learning Check
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19 Write the names of the following compounds: 1)CaOcalcium oxide 2)KBrpotassium bromide 3)Al 2 O 3 aluminum oxide 4)MgCl 2 magnesium chloride Solution
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Other Things to Watch Out for….
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Roman Numerals Needed/appears only with transition metal The numeral in the parenthesis is the charge Write in parenthesis after element name – Cu +2 O -2 = copper(II) oxide – copper(II) oxide = Cu +2 O -2
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Polyatomic Ions When a group of atoms acts like one ion Use the same rules as other ions when writing: Place entire polyatomic ion in parenthesis when criss-crossing – Use cheat sheet for their charges instead of a periodic table Use name on cheat sheet when naming
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Example (writing formula): Zinc(II) Hydroxide – Zn = Transition Metal = Zn +2 – OH = Polyatomic ion = (OH) - Zn +2 (OH) - Zn(OH) 2
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Example (naming compound): Pb = Lead (a transition metal) NO 3 is a polyatomic ion Pb(NO 3 ) 2 Pb +2 NO 3 -1 Lead (II) Nitrate
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Learning Check Select the correct name for each. What is the correct formula for each of the following? 1. Fe 2 S 3 1) iron sulfide 2) iron(II) sulfide 3) iron(III) sulfide 2. CuO 1) copper oxide 2) copper(I) oxide 3) copper(II) oxide 25 3. Copper(I) nitride a)CuN b) CuN 3 c) Cu 3 N 4. Lead(IV) oxide a) PbO 2 b) PbO c) Pb 2 O 4
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Solution Select the correct name for each. What is the correct formula for each of the following? 1.Fe 2 S 3 iron (III) sulfide Fe 3+ S 2- 2.CuO copper (II) oxide Cu 2+ O 2- 26 3. Copper(I) nitride Cu 3 N Need 3Cu + and N 3- 4. Lead(IV) oxide PbO 2 Need Pb 4+ and 2O 2-
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Learning Check Name these: Write Formulas: 1. Na 2 SO 4 2. Mg(NO 2 ) 2 27 3. Aluminum Hydroxide 4. Zinc (II) Phosphate
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Solution Name these: Write Formulas: 1.Na 2 SO 4 Sodium Sulfate 2.Mg(NO 2 ) 2 Magnesium Nitrite 28 3. Aluminum Hydroxide Al +3 OH -1 Al (OH) 3 4. Zinc (II) Phosphate Zn +2 (PO 4 ) -3 Zn 3 (PO 4 ) 2
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