1. TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS
Contributed by
Name- Akash Agarwal

2. Introduction
In Transparent electronics the usual opaque semiconductor materials forming the basis for electronic device fabrication is replaced with Transparent materials.
Transparent electronics is an emerging technology that employs wide band-gap semiconductors for the realization of invisible electronics circuits and opto-electronics devices.

3. What would Transparent Electronics do:-

4. Applications:- Domestic appliance Entertainment and Communication
Architecture
Healthcare
Military and Industry

5. 1.Transparent Conducting Oxides(TCOs) 2.Thin Film Transistors(TFTs)
There are two technologies which preceded and underline transparent electronics:-
1.Transparent Conducting Oxides(TCOs)
2.Thin Film Transistors(TFTs)

6. 1. Transparent Conducting Oxides(TCO)
TCOs constitute an unusual class of materials possessing two physical properties (generally considered mutually exclusive)
1.High Optical Transparency(e.g>3.1eV)
2.High Electrical Conductivity
The three most common TCOs are indium oxide In2O3 tin oxide SnO2 and zinc oxide ZnO2

7. 2. Thin-Film Transistors (TFTs)
A thin-film transistor (TFT) is a special kind of field-effect transistor made by depositing thin films of an active semiconductor layer as well as the dielectric layer and metallic contacts over a supporting (but non-conducting) substrate.

8. Channel is formed from highly insulating, wide band gap transparent semiconductor (ZnO)
Two possible configuration:-
i. Bottom gate
ii. Top gate

9. Graphene
Graphene is an allotrope of carbon in the form of a two-dimensional, atomic-scale, honey-comb lattice.
It is the basic structural element of other allotropes, including graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes.
. It conducts heat and electricity efficiently and is nearly transparent.
Graphene is simply one atomic layer of graphite - a layer of sp2 bonded carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal or honeycomb lattice.
Graphene has unique properties that exceed those of graphite.

10. Graphene is the strongest material ever found; it is more than 40 times stronger than diamond.
Graphene is more transparent conducting film over, Indium because Carbon is more cheaper, easily available and also non-toxic.

12. Transparent Passive Devices
Transparent Thin Film Resistors
Transparent Thin Film Capacitors
Transparent Thin Film Inductors

13. TFT Resistors
TFT Capacitor

14. Another Enabled Transparent Components
Transparent Delay
Heated Glass
Transparent RAM
Transparent Electric Storage
Transparent Battery

16. Heated Glass

18. Factors Causing Adverse Effect
Inter and Interaband Transitions
Plasma Oscillations
Ionized Impurity Scattering

19. TOP COMPANIES MANUFACTURING TRANSPARENT MATERIALS
Apple Inc.
Cambrios Technologies Corp.
Corning Inc.
3M Co.
Saint-Gobain SA
Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
Dontech Inc.

20. Forecast of Transparent Electronics Products by Application

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